浙江省丽水市狂犬病新发疫区病毒检测及在防制中的应用  

Rabies virus detection and its application in rabies control in new epidemic areas in Lishui

作　　者：叶茂华[1] 王晓光[1] 雷永良[1] 陈秀英[1] 叶碧峰[1] 柳付明[1] 兰进权[1] 梅建华[1] 唐青[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省丽水市疾病预防控制中心,浙江丽水323000 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所

出　　处：《疾病监测》2009年第7期520-522,共3页Disease Surveillance

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(No.200803014);国家863项目(No.SQ2006AA02Z112882);国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(No.30630049)

摘　　要：目的了解狂犬病毒在疫区犬间的流行状况。方法收集浙江省丽水市198份狂犬病新发疫区犬脑组织标本,用直接免疫荧光试验(DFA)特异性检测狂犬病毒抗原和逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)特异性检测狂犬病毒核酸,确定犬感染狂犬病毒状况。结果犬脑组织DFA和RT-PCR平行检测阳性的标本13份,阳性率为6.57%(13/198),其中松阳县9份,占采集标本的69.23%(9/13),具有攻击人/犬史或者被犬攻击史的疑似狂犬病犬标本10份,占采集标本的76.92%(10/13)。结论免疫学和分子生物学两种方法平行进行犬狂犬病毒的实验室检测,可以更准确地进行狂犬病的实验室诊断。市民暴露于犬后要及时到所在地狂犬病暴露门诊严格按照国家相关标准及规范正确处理伤口并注射狂犬病疫苗及抗血清或人源免疫球蛋白。建议相关部门加强犬的管理,同时对犬进行全面的狂犬病疫苗免疫接种。Objective To investigate the prevalence of rabies virus in dogs in epidemic areas in Lishui. Methods A total of 198 samples of dog brain were collected in new epidemic areas in Lishui. Specific antigen of rabies virus was detected by DFA and nucleic acid of rabies virus was detected by RT-PCR. Results There were 13 samples which were both DFA- positive and RT-PCR-positive with positive rate of 6. 57% （13/198）, in which 9 samples were from Songyang county, accounting for 69.23% （9/13）. Ten samples were taken from the dogs suspected to be with rabies, accounting for 76.92% （10/13） of positive samples. Conclusion Parallel detection of rabies virus by immunology and molecular biology methods could provide more accurate laboratory diagnosis of rabies. People exposed to dog should receive timely post-exposure prophylaxis （PEP） in out-patient clinic for rabies, including correct wound treatment, rabies vaccine and antiserum or immunoglobu/in injection. It is highly suggested to enhance the management of dog, including dog vaccination.

关 键 词：狂犬病 狂犬病毒 检测 防制 

分 类 号：R512.99[医药卫生—内科学]