1991～2007年甘肃省秦安县地方性氟中毒监测分析  

Analysis of Surveillance of Endemic Fluorosis in Qin'an County of Gansu Province from 1991 to 2007

作　　者：鱼素琴[1] 王文龙[1] 柏淑英[1] 任永贵[1] 陈晓燕[1] 邵建赟[1] 廖永建[1] 王蔚华[1] 高丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省疾病预防控制中心,兰州730020

出　　处：《地方病通报》2009年第4期31-34,共4页Endemic Diseases Bulletin

摘　　要：目的了解甘肃秦安县饮水型氟中毒病区防治措施落实进度、防治效果及病情变化动态,为制定地方性氟中毒防治策略提供科学依据。方法用Dean氏法进行儿童氟斑牙诊断,离子选择电极法测定水氟、尿氟含量,X线拍片检查氟骨症,成人临床氟骨症诊断参照GB16396-1996和WS192-1999标准。结果1991～2007年国家监测点改水工程正常使用率平均为51.48%(364/707),15.56%(101/707)的改水工程间歇使用,32.96%(233/707)的改水工程已报废,调查的改水工程水氟含量≤1.0 mg/L的占45.01%(194/431),1.0～2.0 mg/L的占52.44%(226/431),>2.0 mg/L的占2.55%(11/431)。监测点水源水和居民户饮用水水氟含量均在1.0mg/L以下;儿童氟斑牙检出率平均为37.79%,氟斑牙指数平均为0.73;尿氟含量均值在1.50 mg/L左右。结论改水工程报废和水氟超标现象普遍,儿童氟斑牙病情尚未达到控制标准,尿氟含量也超标,应加强对改水工程的水质监测和工程管理,保证病区饮用低氟水,以达到控制和基本消除地氟病的目的。Objective To know the situation of the implementation of control measurement, control effect and disease dynamic of drinking - water type fluorosis in Qin＇an County of Gansu Province to provide scientific basis for formulating control strategies. Methods Children＇s dental fluorosis were examined with Dean＇s Index and skeletal fluorosis diagnosed by clinic and X - rays and referring to the standard of GB16396 - 1996 and WS192 - 1999. Fluorine in drinking water and urine were determined by F - ion selective electrode. Results From 1991 to 2007, 51.48% （ 364/707 ） of water - improving and defluoridation projects were function well, and projects intermittently running or abandoned respectively accounted for 15.56% （ 110/707 } and 32.96% （233/707 } ;431 water- improving and defluoridation projects were determined water fluoride content with mean water fluoride ≤1.0 mg/L accounting for 45.01% （ 194/431 } , the mean water fluoride projects between 1.0- 2.0 mg/L accounting for 52.44% （226/431 } and the mean water fluoride projects 〉 2.0 mg/L accounting for 2.55% （ 11/431 ）. In Anfu village, fluorine content in source water and drinking water was lower than 1.0 mg/L. The average detection rate of children5 dental fluorosis was 37.79%, with the index of dental fluorosis of 0.73, and mean urinary fluoride of 1.50mg/L. Conclusions It is general average that the projects are abandoned and water fluoride over the standard, children＇s dental fluorosis doesn＇t reached the control standard and urinary fluoride exceeds the standard. It must reinforce the surveillance of water quality and management of the project to ensure drinking water with low fluoride in endemic areas, so as to control and eradicate endemic fluorosis basically.

关 键 词：饮水 地方性氟中毒 监测 秦安县 甘肃 

分 类 号：R599.9[医药卫生—内科学] R181.81[医药卫生—临床医学]