高产水稻田氮磷排放监测及特征分析  

Monitoring and Characteristic Analysis on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Releases from High-yield Paddyfield

作　　者：邵婉晨[1] 徐加宽[2] 李光辉[1] 刘建国[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏工业学院环境与安全工程学院,江苏常州213164 [2]常州市农林局,江苏常州213001

出　　处：《环境监测管理与技术》2009年第4期59-62,共4页The Administration and Technique of Environmental Monitoring

基　　金：江苏省基础研究计划基金资助项目(BK2007734);常州市农业科技攻关计划基金资助项目(CE2008211);江苏省高校"青蓝工程"中青年学术带头人基金资助项目(QLG06010002)

摘　　要：通过设立田间定位监测点,对高产水稻田的水及氮、磷的输入和排出进行了3年的定点监测,根据监测结果分析了稻田的氮、磷迁移特征和规律。结果表明,每667 m2稻田氮排出量约3000 g,磷排出量约82 g;随降雨及灌溉水带入的氮约1600 g,磷约59 g;两者相抵,表观净排出氮约为1400 g,磷约23 g。稻田氮、磷排出与稻田排水量及基面肥施用量有关。改进稻田氮肥施用时间和施用方法,合理管理稻田水量,减少排水,是减少高产水稻田氮、磷排放的关键技术措施。The import and export of water, nitrogen （N） and phosphorus （P） in high-yield paddyfield had been monitored, with field in-situ investigation, for three years. The characteristics and rules of N and P transport were analyzed according to the monitoring. The results showed that N and P export were 3 000 g and 82 g per 667m^2 respectively, and N and P imports from rainfall and irrigation were 1 600 g and 59 g per 667m^2. So the net exports of N and P from paddyfield were 1400g and 23g per 667m^2 respectively. The exports of N and P were related to field drainage and fertilizing. The key ways for reducing N and P releases from high-yield paddyfield were suitable times and methods of N supply, as well as reasonable water management for less drainage.

关 键 词：水稻田 氮 磷 排放 监测 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]