不同沼液灌溉强度对土壤和渗滤液的影响  

Effects of Irrigation Intensity of Fermented Slurry on Soil and Leaching Liquid

作　　者：李彦超[1] 廖新俤[1] 林东教[2] 吴银宝[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学动物科学学院 [2]华南农业大学资源与环境学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2009年第4期52-56,共5页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD14B09-02)

摘　　要：采用盆栽试验研究不同强度施用沼液种植杂交狼尾草对环境的影响。试验按所施用沼液比例不同设7个处理,每个处理5个重复。盆栽试验采用20 L的塑料桶,桶底钻孔以收集渗滤液;灌溉间隔5 d,每次灌溉后3 h收集渗滤液。盆栽采用水稻土和株高、根系相近的杂交狼尾草苗。结果表明：随着沼液灌溉强度的提高,渗滤液和盆栽土中三氮（总氮、氨氮、硝氮）含量升高,但再高灌溉强度可导致硝氮下降;按本试验条件,合适的沼液灌溉强度是控制沼液不超过50%,渗滤液总氮、氨氮、硝氮分别稳定在52.99-57.87 mg/L、52.66-52.78 mg/L和3.33 mg/L以内。以上说明,沼液灌溉杂交狼尾草存在一个合适灌溉强度,这与一定时间内的沼液灌溉量及其养分含量有关,并受施用气候、土壤条件、植被发展影响。The effects of fermented slurry applied in planting crossbred pennisetum on environment were investigated by pot incubation test. 7 treatments, 5 replications for each, were employed varied by volume of applied liquid. Plastic bucket, volume 20 L with holes at bottom, was used for pot incubation. Another plastic basin was located under the pot for collecting leaching liquid. Plants were sprayed with slurry each five days and leaching liquid was collected after spraying 3 hours. Rice soil was applied for pot incubation. The uniform seedlings in height and root were selected for pot tests. The results showed that contents of TN, ammonia-N and nitrate-N both in leaching liquid and soil were increased with the increasing of applied slurry. The decreased nitrate-N was found both in leaching liquid and soil once maximum volume of slurry applied. Suitable volume of fermented slurry applied was suggested to be less than 50%. Contents of TN, ammonia-N and nitrate-N in leaching liquid were stable around 52. 99- 57. 87 mg/L, 52.66-52.78 mg/L and 3.33 mg/L respectively. It is concluded that there was a suitable amount required for optimal plant growing and environment, relative to nutrient content of slurry, applying season, soil conditions and vegetation development.

关 键 词：沼液 灌溉强度 土壤 渗滤液 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]