基于定子振动的转子碰摩故障诊断方法研究  

Method of rotor rub-impact faults diagnosis based on stator vibration signal

作　　者：孙云岭[1] 张永祥[1] 常汉宝[1] 

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学船舶与动力学院,湖北武汉430033

出　　处：《振动工程学报》2009年第4期391-394,共4页Journal of Vibration Engineering

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金资助项目(20070420942);国防"十一五"预研资助项目(40101020103)

摘　　要：转子碰摩会引发转子和定子的振动,但由于转子系统的很多常见故障(如不对中、不平衡等)与碰摩故障的转子振动特征多有重复之处,在很大程度上限制了故障的有效诊断。于是以定子振动信号为诊断源,研究了碰摩故障的诊断技术。首先分析了定子振动的机理,认为碰摩时定子受到冲击力作用,会引发定子固有频率振动,提出可采用共振解调法进行碰摩故障的诊断。利用IFFT方法进行了定子固有振动信号的分离,再进行希尔伯特变换,得到其包络信号,并对其进行谱分析,从而完成分析诊断过程。最后进行了单点碰摩和局部碰摩的故障模拟实验,结果表明定子高频固有振动包络信号可以揭示碰摩故障的发生,结合角度定位信号,可以对转子碰摩故障进行定位。Diagnosis of rub-impact faults is the challenging topic because features of many rotor vibration rub-impact faults are the same as the other faults such as imbalance. In this paper, stator vibration is used as diagnosis information source. Firstly, the phenomena of stator vibration under the comdition of impact rub are analyzed. The pulse force from rub-impact may lead to stator resonance, so the demodulate resonance technique can be brought out to diagnose rub-impact faults. To overcome the disadvantages of band-pass filter, the IFFT method is brought out to demodulate stator resonance signal. Secondly,the envelope signal is obtained through Hibert transformation of the stator resonance signal and amplitude spectrum through the FFT analysis. Lastly, experiments with one-point rub-impact and local rub-impact are carried out respectively. The actual measurement stator vibration signals are analyzed, results reveal that the stator resonance envelope signals can indicate rub-impact faults, and the fault position can be determined well coupling with angle displacement signal. The results demonstrate that analysis of stator vibration signals of impact-rubbing faults will provide a new diagnostic approach.

关 键 词：碰摩 定子振动 共振解调 逆傅利叶变换 

分 类 号：TK268[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]