珠宝加工工人不良工效学因素的调查研究  

The Investigation on Adverse Ergonomic Factors in Jewel Processing Workers

作　　者：李林涛[1] 方少波[1] 黄丽静[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市罗湖区疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518020

出　　处：《中国卫生工程学》2009年第4期195-197,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health Engineering

基　　金：深圳市科技计划项目(200703080)

摘　　要：目的了解不良工效学因素对珠宝加工企业作业工人的健康影响,为改善作业条件提供重要依据。方法采用作业场所功效学分析、体检和问卷调查方法对包括254名观察组和188名对照组的珠宝首饰加工企业工人进行不良工效学因素评价和肌肉骨骼症状检查,并进行对比。结果珠宝加工工人不良工效学因素包括作业内容单调、作业姿势和动作不良、注意力程度高。观察组下背、右肩、右手指、左手指等部位的疼痛主诉率(35.4%、22.8%、20.5%、20.5%)均明显高于对照组(24.5%、11.7%、4.3%、4.3%)(均P<0.01);观察组体检颈椎旁压痛和腰椎棘突压痛(17.3%、7.1%)明显高于对照组(10.1%、2.7%)(均P<0.05);以上差异均具有统计学意义。结论珠宝首饰加工企业的不良工效学因素与肌肉骨骼疾患有一定关系。Objective To investigate the effect of adverse ergonomic factors on workers’ health in jewelry processing factories,and to provide important evidence for the improvement of jewelry processing conditions. Methods Ergonomic workplace analysis,questionnaire and physical examination were used upon 254 persons of observation group and 188 persons of compared group,which evaluated the adverse ergonomic factors and checked their muscle ＆ bone condition. Results The adverse ergonomic factors included humdrum opertation,bad posture and action,high attention. The prevalences of pains in lower back,right arm,right and left fingers （35.4%,22.8%,20.5%,20.5%） were respectively higher in observation group than those in control group（24.5%、11.7%、4.3%、4.3%）（all P〈0.01）. The prevalences of pains in cervical vertebra and lumbar vertebra（17.3%,7.1%） through physical examination were much higher in observation group than those in control group（10.1%,2.7%）. Conclusion Adverse ergonomic factors are relevant to high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in jewel processing factories.

关 键 词：不良工效学因素 珠宝加工 预防 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]