基于新型树状结构的无线传感器网络桥梁结构健康监测系统研究  

Bridge structural health monitoring system based on a tree structured wireless sensor network

作　　者：丁华平[1] 冯兆祥[2] 沈庆宏[1] 杨根成[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学电子科学与工程系,南京210093 [2]江苏省长江公路大桥建设指挥部,泰州225321 [3]江苏省交通规划设计院,南京210005

出　　处：《南京大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第4期488-493,共6页Journal of Nanjing University（Natural Science）

基　　金：江苏省交通科研计划项目(08Y29-7)

摘　　要：常规的无线传感器网络通过支持任意两点之间的通信,实现相距多跳的节点之间通信,然而在节点密集布设情况下,任意两点之间的通信会导致数据重叠,进而造成有限带宽资源的浪费.基于新型树状结构的无线传感器网络利用业务的方向性特点,在桥梁结构健康监测系统中,把节点构造成以传感器节点-汇集节点-基站节点的深度为二的树,数据按照业务方向进行传输,可以有效减少资源浪费,提高通信效率.文章对传感器节点在桥梁结构健康监测系统中的定位问题进行了研究并给出了解决方案,提出通过两种休眠调度方法来减少节点及网络的能量消耗;通过对汇集节点的数据聚合模型的研究,给出分布式数据处理能有效减少数据通信量的结论;通过对基站节点的网络协议转换的研究,来实现大规模无线传感器网络的组网与应用.最后对.NET构架和开发语言的特点进行了说明.Conventional wireless sensor networks realize multi-hop communication among nodes by supporting communication between any two points.However,when the nodes are densely deployed,communication between any two points will lead to data duplication,resulting in waste of resources of limited bandwidth.The wireless sensor networks which are based on a new tree structure use directional characteristics of the business.In the bridge structural health monitoring system,the network nodes are constructed into a sensor node-convergence node-base station node structure.Data in accordance with the business direction of transmission can effectively reduce the waste of resources and improve communication efficiency.This paper studies the positioning of sensor nodes in the bridge structural health monitoring system and puts forward the solution.It proposes two sleeping scheduling methods to reduce nodes and network energy consumption.Through studying the data aggregation model of convergence node,the paper gives the conclusion that the distributed data processing can effectively reduce data traffic.Through studying network protocol conversion of base station node,large-scale wireless sensor networks applications will become a reality.Finally,.NET framework and the characteristics of the program language are described.

关 键 词：无线传感器网络 树状结构 桥梁结构健康监测 .NET构架 

分 类 号：TP212.9[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TP393[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]