一种三元复合型细水雾洗消氯气的性能及机理研究  

Study on the Properties and Mechanism of a Three-Component Water Mist in Decontaminating Chlorine

作　　者：倪小敏[1] 肖修昆[1] 蔡昕[1] 金翔[1] 廖光煊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,合肥230026

出　　处：《环境保护科学》2009年第4期40-42,63,共4页Environmental Protection Science

基　　金：国家科技部科技支撑项目(2006BAK01B03)资助

摘　　要：采用由亚铁(Fe2+)盐、表面活性剂(OP)和清水组成的三元复合型洗消剂对液氯泄漏进行模拟洗消实验研究,其洗消效率比清水细水雾有显著提高。通过对比实验考察了添加剂的浓度和洗消时间对其洗消效率的影响,并对雾滴粒径进行了测量。研究结果表明洗消剂中各成分之间的物理化学耦合作用提高了含添加剂的细水雾的洗消效率,表面活性剂组分可以降低溶液的表面张力,减小雾滴粒径,增大细水雾与氯气的接触面积;而亚铁盐组分则可以与氯气发生化学反应,将强氧化性的Cl2完全转变为较稳定的Cl-,增强洗消剂的化学洗消作用,且洗消效果更加彻底。A kind of three - component solution made from ferrous chloride, surfactant and pure water was used to decontaminate leaked chlorine in simulated experiments, which showed an improved efficiency than pure water mist in decontaminating chlorine. The effects of the concentration of additives and decontaminating time on the efficiency together with the size of the water mist were experimentally researched. Based on these results, the mechanism of the improved decontamination was supposed. It was found that the coupling physiochemical effect of the components contributed to the increased decontaminating efficiency. The surfactant helped in reducing the surface tersion and the size of mist, while the additive of ferrous ions could completely transformed Cl2 into Cl- . The coordination of surfacant and ferrous ions resulted in a high efficiency in decontaminating chlorine.

关 键 词：洗消剂 氯气 细水雾 洗消率 洗消机理 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TJ92[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程]