我国转基因Bt棉对棉铃虫的控制效果  

Toxin and Control Efficiency of Transgenic Bt Cotton AgainstHelicoverpa Armigera (Hubner) in Northern China

作　　者：戴小枫[1,2] 王武刚[1,2] 董双林[1,2] 杨雪梅[1,2] 宋晓轩 郭予元[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 [2]中国农业科学院棉花研究所

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》1998年第2期109-115,共7页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家"95"科技攻关专题

摘　　要：本研究就中国转基因Ｂｔ棉花对主要害虫棉铃虫的毒杀效果、网室与田间小区抗虫性、大田控害效果及其对其它害虫、天敌的影响进行了初步研究。结果表明：中国转基因Ｂｔ棉对棉铃虫初孵及１龄幼虫高效，７２ｈ的最高毒杀效果可达９０．５％；对棉铃虫的控制力大小顺序为初孵幼虫＞１龄＞２龄＞３龄，嫩叶＞顶尖＞幼蕾＞幼铃，５叶期嫩叶＞盛蕾期嫩叶，２代＞３代＞４代；网室鉴定Ｂ２、Ｂ３、Ｒ２、Ｒ３、Ｂ４、Ｂ６、３、８、１０、１６、２６、３６等十多个品系为Ⅰ级高抗；小区试验，Ｂｔ棉对红铃虫有良好兼治作用，对棉蚜表现出强分离现象，棉叶蝉和棉粉虱种群分别上升５３．６％～５８．４％和１９．２％～６７．４％，寄生性天敌下降２７．５％～５６．１％；生产试种，Ｒ９３－４等品系抗虫性理想，丰产性与生产品种相当。In 1995～1996, the toxin, control efficacy, resistance identification and evoluation of transgenic Bt cotton against cotton bollworm(CBW), Helicoverpa arimgera Hübner which is a key insect pest in northern China and caused a serious damage on cotton during 1992～1995,were conducted in laboratory and cotton field, and the effects of Bt cotton on natural enemies and other insect pests were also observed. Results showed that: there were high toxins of Bt cotton to new emerged larvae and 1st instar larvae, the highest efficacy reached 90.5% after 72 hours in laboratory. The control sequences of Bt cotton to CBW were emerged larvae>1st instar larvae>2nd instar larvae>3d instar larvae, tender leave>tip>square/flower>young boll, leave in 5-leaves stage>leave in square/flower stage, 2nd generation>3d generation>4th generation, separately. The transgenic Bt cotton strains of B2、B3、R2、R3 B4、B6、3、8、10、16、26、36 were identified to high resistance of grade Ⅰ. The resistance of Bt cotton to cotton aphid presents different trends in its second generation with high efficacy to CBW and pink bollworm in field trial. The population of cotton leaf hoper and greenhouse whitefly in Bt cotton increased 53.6%～58.4%, 19.2%～67.4%, respectively, when parasitoids of CBW decreased 27.5%～56.1% sharply. The planting demonstration (more than 50 thousands hm2 accummulated acreage) in large scale in Yellow River cotton growing-area during 1995～1996, shows that the abilities of control efficacy of Bt cotton, the lint yield and guality of Bt cotton could meet needs of cotton grower and industrial in China.

关 键 词：转基因Bt棉花 棉铃虫 防效 天敌 

分 类 号：S435.622.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S432.21[农业科学—植物保护]