追施氮肥对土壤氨挥发影响的初步研究  

Preliminary Study on the Impact of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application at the Growth Stage on Ammonia Volatilization of Maize-Soil System

作　　者：高文伟[1] 黄炜[2] 贾宏涛[2] 李赟[2] 薛涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《玉米科学》2009年第4期112-114,共3页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金："973"课题(2006CB708402);教育厅科研项目(XJEDU2006S17);土壤学自治区重点学科资助

摘　　要：以北疆玉米-土壤系统为研究对象,采用通气法对不同氮肥品种和用量处理条件下田间土壤氨挥发进行了原位监测。结果表明:施用尿素处理(常规和过量)比二铵处理土壤氨挥发显著增加,累积量分别增加了0.149kg/hm2和0.151kg/hm2;过量施肥能够加剧土壤氮素损失,过量施用尿素和二铵,土壤氨挥发累积量比对照分别增加了0.160kg/hm2和0.043kg/hm2。施肥过程中应选取合适的肥料和合理的用量,以减少土壤氨挥发损失,降低肥料的投入,提高肥料利用率,保护生态环境。Ammonia volatilization of maize-soil system in Northern Xinjiang was monitored in site under different treatments of nitrogen fertilizer types and applied quantities by aeration methods. The results of monitoring indicated that the treatment of applying urea （normal and over application） had more incremental in ammonia volatilization than the treatment of applying dopamine, the accumulative amounts of both treatments respectively increased by 0.149 kg/ha and 0.151 kg/ha, and the over-application of nitrogen fertilizer would aggravate soil nitrogen＇s loss, compared to the control, the accumulative amounts of soil ammonia volatilization respectively increased by 0.160 kg/ha and 0.043 kg/ha. Therefore, appropriate fentilizer and reasonable quantity should be selected carefully for the application of nitrogen fertilizer in farmland so as to lower soil ammonia loss resulted from ammonia volatilization, reduced the applied quantity of fertilizer and enhanced the effect of fertilizer.

关 键 词：玉米 施肥 氨挥发 原位测定 

分 类 号：S513.062[农业科学—作物学]