石油污染土壤生物修复高效菌的降解特性  

CHARACTERISTICS OF HIGHLY EFFECIENT PETROLEUM-DEGRADING BACTERIA IN BIOREMEDIATION OF OIL-CONTAMINATED SOIL

作　　者：徐金兰[1] 黄廷林[1] 唐智新[1] 肖洲强[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2009年第4期570-576,共7页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50778147);陕西省自然科学基金项目(2007E2-14)资助

摘　　要：研究了从陕北石油污染土壤中分离的7株菌SY21、SY22、SY23、SY24、SY42、SY43和SY44的生长特性及其对不同烃类的利用能力及除油影响因素。结果表明，受试细菌的生物除油率高，培养13～23h后的活性最高，易于扩大培养；分离菌株均能在石蜡培养基中生长，表明对中长链的烷烃降解能力高，其中菌株SY22、SY23、SY24、SY42和SY43均能利用几种不同的烃类生长，是土壤生物修复的优选菌株。菌株SY22和SY23最适宜pH值为9．0，菌株SY21和SY42最适宜pH值为7．0；污染强度为1000-1500mg／L、氮源为硝酸铵时，石油烃的降解率最佳；对具有PAH降解能力的SY22、SY42和SY23菌株而言，添加淀粉和葡萄糖碳源，可以提高菌株对原油的降解率。土壤中Fe^2＋、Mn^2＋的存在对细菌降解石油烃影响不大，但Ni^2＋、Co^2＋会降低菌株的除油能力。The growth characteristics of 7 strains isolated from oil contaminated soil in the north of Shaanxi province, as well as their degradation efficiency for various hydrocarbons, were investigated. The effect factors of these strains on oil degradation efficiency were revealed in a series of experiments. The results showed that isolated strains could degrade crude oil obviously. 7 strains had high activity in 13 h and were easy to produce. 7 strains could grow in paraffin wax, which indicated strains could degrade long chain hydrocarbon. Some of them （SY22, SY23, SY24, SY42 and SY43 ） were able to use short chain hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons as cultivation media, so they were preferential choice to be used for bioremediation of oil-contaminated soil. The pH values of 7.0 and 9.0 were optimum for SY21 , SY42 and for SY22, SY23, respectively. NH4NO3 and oil concentrations from 1000 mg/L to 1500 mg/L were the optimum conditions for petroleum hydrocarbon degradation. Adding organic matter such as starch and glucose accelerated oil degradation of the SY22, SY42 and SY23 strains, which had ability in PAH degradation. The metal ions of Ni^2＋ and Co^2＋ in soil decreased the degradation efficiency of strains for crude oil, while the metal ions of Fe^2＋ and Mn^2＋ did not affect the oil degradation by strains.

关 键 词：石油降解菌 石油烃 生物修复 除油因素 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]