手足口病流行病学分析及护理干预  

Epidemiological analysis and nursing intervention for hand-foot-mouth disease patients

作　　者：赵香枝 伍平[1] 冼建妹[1] 樊瑞新[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省珠海市妇幼保健院

出　　处：《全科护理》2009年第22期2049-2050,共2页Chinese General Practice Nursing

摘　　要：[目的]通过对手足口病流行病学特征进行分析,寻求预防住院患儿手足口病引起医院感染的有效干预措施。[方法]对2008年5月—2009年3月收住院的318例手足口病患儿进行流行病学分析,针对性地采取相关护理干预措施,即对患儿、家属以及医护人员进行积极的健康知识教育,严格落实消毒隔离及防止医院感染。[结果]手足口病流行主要是肠道病毒71型(EV71)感染,男女性别比例相近,以3岁以下为主,临床表现多数为轻症病人,病死率为0.31%,仅出现2例医院感染,远远低于同期病区的医院感染率。[结论]科学、合理地实施消毒隔离等护理干预措施,可有效地预防手足口病在医院内的传播,降低医院感染率。Objective： Through analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of hand - foot - mouth disease （HFMD）, to search for effective interventions to prevent hospital infection of childhood HFMD inpatients. Methods： A total of 318 HFMD patients hospitalized from May in 2008 to March in 2009 were analyzed on their epidemiological characteristics. And corresponding targeted nursing interventions were taken for patients, including carrying out active health education for ill children, family members and medical and nursing personnel. And disinfection and insulation were implemented strictly for preventing hospital infection. Results： The prevalence of pathogenic microorganism of HFMD was mainly type 71 of enterovirus. The proportion of male and female was similar. Most of them were less than three years old. And clinical manifestations of patients were mostly mild. The fatality rate among them was 0. 31%. Only two cases were developed hospital infection, which was lower than the homeochronous hospital infections rate in ward. Conclusion：To carry out nursing interventions scientifically and reasonably including disinfection and insulation can effectively prevent HFMD spread in hospital and reduce nosocomial infection rate of HFMD patients.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行病学 护理干预 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]