壳聚糖中空纤维膜的制备及其结构研究  

Preparation and structures of chitosan hollow fiber membranes

作　　者：肖通虎[1,2] 曹义鸣[1] 邓麦村[1] 周美青[1] 刘健辉[1] 陈珊妹[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大连化学物理研究所,大连116023 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]宁波大学材化学院,宁波315211

出　　处：《膜科学与技术》2009年第4期11-18,共8页Membrane Science and Technology

基　　金：国家“973”计划项目(2003CB615703);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(Y407353)

摘　　要：采用干湿相转化成膜的方法,纺制了壳聚糖中空纤维膜,研究了干燥方法及成膜条件对膜结构的影响.实验发现自然干燥导致膜的严重收缩,最终形成整体致密的膜结构;采用乙醇-正己烷液-液交换干燥,能够有效地避免膜结构的完全致密化,最终形成整体非对称的膜结构.成膜条件的研究结果表明,壳聚糖浓度的提高,更易形成致密层增厚的膜结构;而凝胶温度及凝胶液组成中氢氧化钠浓度的升高,有利于形成致密层更薄,支撑层孔径更大的整体非对称膜结构.进一步的研究表明,整体非对称结构的壳聚糖中空纤维膜可以应用于渗透汽化分离碳酸二甲酯/甲醇混合物,突破恒沸组成的限制,具有较好的应用前景.Chitosan hollow fiber membranes （CHFM） were fabricated by a dry/wet phase inversion process. The structures of the membranes prepared with different conditions and dried with different methods were stud- ied. Natural drying caused shrinkage of the hollow fibers, which made the resulted membranes into integral dense morphologies. Ethanol - hexane exchange drying reduced the shrinkage of the fibers and made the resulted membranes into asymmetric morphologies with dense skin layer. It was found that the skin layer became thinner with the decrease in the concentration of chitosan and the increase in the temperature of coagulation bath and the concentration of gelating agents. Furthermore, the pervaporation properties of the asymmetric CHFM with integrally skin for separation of dimethyl carbonate/methanol mixtures were investigated. The methanol concentration in the permeate is over that in the azeotropic solution in distillation. It means that the asymmetric CHFM has a greater separation potential for the pervaporation.

关 键 词：壳聚糖中空纤维膜 干燥方法 成膜条件 膜结构 渗透汽化 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]