水稻生育后期谷粒真菌区系霉变损失及其防治的研究  

Mycoflora in Rice Grains in the Late Growth Stage, Loss Caused by Fungal Infection andIts Control Methods

作　　者：肖建辉[1,2] 王忠肃[1,2] 欧阳秩[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学农学院 [2]西南农业大学植保系

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》1998年第2期184-188,共5页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

摘　　要：在成都和重庆两地区，定点定期对水稻生育后期稻谷上的真菌进行分离，获得若干菌株，分属于１８个属，其中镰孢霉属（Ｆｕｒｓａｒｉｕｍｓｐｐ．）、青霉属（Ｐｅｎｉｃｉｌｕｍｓｐｐ．）、喙枝霉属（Ｒｈｉｎｏｃｌｄｉｃｌａｓｐｐ．）、交链孢霉属（Ａｌｔｅｒｎａｒｉａｓｐｐ．）、黑孢霉属（Ｎｉｇｒｏｓｐｏｒａｓｐｐ．）中的真菌为优势菌种，喙枝霉菌、棘壳孢霉菌（Ｐｙｒｅｎｏｃｈａｅｔａｓｐｐ．）、头孢霉菌（Ｃｅｐｈａｌｏｓｐｏｒｉｕｍｓｐｐ．）等水稻谷粒腐生菌尚未见报道。系统调查研究表明，同一地区水稻品种间，真菌群落的分布没有差异，但在不同的地区，水稻品种间的真菌种类及数量有所差别。通过种子处理和生育期的药剂防治，可减轻霉变对稻谷的危害，尤其以温汤浸种效果最佳。Hundreds isolates were obtained from the rice grains in the late growth stage in Sichuan Province,China,which belong to 18 genera of mycetes,including Furarium spp.,Penicillum spp.Rhinocldiclla spp.,Alternaria spp.,Nigrospora spp.etc.Furarium spp. was the most frequently isolated spcies.It was found that the kinds and numbers of fungus isolates were different among areas according to mycoflora investigation,but it almost had no difference among rice breeds in the same area.In comparsion with the heathy rice grains,the weigth and germination rate of discolored rice grains declined obviously,and the rate of discolored rice grains was relative with the weigth loss of rice grains,but some control methods were effective in reducing the weigth loss of rice grains.

关 键 词：生育期 稻谷 真菌 水稻 霉变 防治 

分 类 号：S435.111.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]