甲鱼暴发性传染病的病原分离及治疗试验  

Pathogen Isolation and Identification and Treatment Trial of Infectious "Soft shelled" Disease in Turtles

作　　者：史秋梅[1] 汤生玲[1] 高桂生[1] 马增军[1] 田在滋[1] 张继东[1] 陈丽凤 

机构地区：[1]河北农业技术师范学院动物科学系

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》1998年第4期346-348,共3页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：河北省教委基金

摘　　要：从１５例表现为“红底板”、“红脖子”、“烂甲”的患病甲鱼肝脏分离到９株无荚膜、无芽胞、革兰氏阴性、β溶血的短杆菌，经理化特性鉴定均为气单胞菌属（Ａｅｒｏｍｏｎａｓ）嗜温有动力菌群，其中温和气单胞菌（Ａ．ｓｏｂｒｉａ）７株，豚鼠气单胞菌（Ａ．ｃａｖｉａｅ）２株。从Ａ．ｓｏｂｒｉａ和Ａ．ｃａｖｉａｅ各选一代表菌株（ＪＡ－１和ＪＡ－２）分别感染健康鲫鱼均引起发病和死亡，其ＬＤ５０分别为４．３×１０５、５．５×１０７，并回收到该２种菌。在该２种菌培养上清中存在１种具有溶血活性的毒素。以ＪＡ－１和ＪＡ－２为菌种制成混合菌苗，在应用由黄芪、有机锗制成的免疫增效剂后，再用混合菌苗免疫家兔，制得的多价高免血清（效价达１∶５１２）与庆大霉素、恩诺沙星进行了治疗对比试验。结果，高免血清治疗自然病甲鱼１０９只，全部治愈；庆大霉素、恩诺沙星分别治疗自然病甲鱼７２只和８４只，平均治愈率分别为８８％和８４％。Nine strains of non capsule and spore, gram negative bacteria were isolated and identified as Aeromonas from 15 cases of 'soft shelled' turtle showing red shell, red neck, soft shelled. The seven strains of which belong in Aeromonas sobria and the others in Aeromonas caviae according to a series of biochemical test. Two strains, JA 1 and JA 2, selected out from A.sobria and A.cariae were inoculated to curcian carp and induced the infection and death similar to that of natural cases with the LD 50 to be 4.3×10 5 and 5.5×10 7 respectively. The supernatants of culture medium for both JA 1 and JA 2 contained a kind of hemotolytic toxin. The high immune sera were obtained from rabbits received the immune potentiator consisting of astragali radix and organogermanium and immunized with a mixed vaccine against JA 1 and JA 2. The agglutination titer reached up to 1∶512. A comparative treatment trial of 109 clinical cases was performed about the high immune serum, gentamycin and enrofloxacin with the cure rate being 100%, 88%, and 84% respectively.

关 键 词：甲鱼 传染病 高兔血清 治疗 病原 分离 

分 类 号：S947.12[农业科学—水产养殖]