典型草地地上现存生物量资产动态  

Dynamics of the above-ground standing biomass assets of typical grassland

作　　者：李士美[1,2] 谢高地[1] 张彩霞[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《草业学报》2009年第4期1-8,共8页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30770410);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2009CB421106)资助

摘　　要：生物量不仅是物质的载体,还是能量和价值的载体,也是评价生态系统结构和功能的重要指标。基于内蒙古站和海北站的已有动态监测成果,本研究分析了羊草+大针茅群落和矮嵩草草甸的地上现存生物量资产动态。羊草+大针茅群落和矮嵩草草甸的地上现存生物量动态曲线均呈单峰型,羊草+大针茅群落地上现存生物量的最大值为197.21 g/m2,矮嵩草草甸的地上现存生物量最大值为307.75 g/m2。羊草+大针茅群落和矮嵩草草甸的地上部分能量现存量动态曲线基本与地上现存生物量动态曲线一致,2个群落地上部分的能量现存量积累速率都与地上现存生物量积累速率呈显著的相关性。羊草+大针茅群落的地上部分能量现存量最大值为3 637.8 kJ/m2,矮嵩草草甸地上部分的能量现存量峰值为5 964.20 kJ/m2。羊草+大针茅群落和矮嵩草草甸的地上现存生物量价值曲线与地上现存生物量和能量现存量曲线存在显著差异。羊草地上现存生物量价值的最大值为584.95元/hm2,而大针茅的最大现存生物量价值为300.93元/hm2。矮嵩草草甸的地上现存生物量价值的峰值为2 066.84元/hm2。草地在生物量积累过程中,也形成了气体调节价值。羊草+大针茅群落释放O2的最大价值为742.40元/hm2,固定CO2的最大价值为1 484.89元/hm2。矮嵩草草甸群落释放O2的最大价值量为1 158.52元/hm2,固定CO2的最大价值为2 317.20元/hm2。Biomass is not only a carrier of material, but also a carrier of energy and value. It is an important index for evaluation of ecosystem structure and function. Based on existing observations at the Inner Mongolia Grassland Ecosystem Research Station and Haibei Alpine Meadow Ecosystem Research Station, the dynamics of the above-ground biomass assets of a Leymus chinensis ＋ Stipa grandis community and a Kobresia humilis meadow were studied. The dynamic curves of above-ground biomass of these two communities were the single peak type, and the maximum above-ground standing biomass of the former was 197.21 g/m^2 , while that of the latter was 307. 75 g/m^2. The dynamic curves of above-ground standing energy of appeared the same shape as the above-ground biomass dynamic curves, whose peak 5 964.20 kJ/m^2 , respectively. The accumulative rate of above-ground standing energy these two communities value was 3 637. 8 and was positively correlated to accumulative rate of above-ground biomass. The biomass value curves of the L. chinensis＋S, grandis community and K. humilis meadow were quite different from above-ground biomass curve and above-ground stand ing energy curves, and the peak values of above-ground biomass value of L. chinensis, S. grandis and K. humilis meadow were 584.95, 300.93 and 2 066.84 yuan/hm^2 , respectively. During the process of biomass accumulation, grassland also produces a gas regulation value. The peak value for O2 emission by the L. chinensis ＋S. grandis community and K. humilis meadow was 742.40 and 1 158.52 yuan/hm^2 , respectively, while that of CO2 fixation was 1 484.89 and 2 317.20 yuan/hm^2.

关 键 词：地上现存生物量 能量现存量 现存生物量资产 羊草 大针茅 矮嵩草草甸 

分 类 号：S812.5[农业科学—草业科学] Q945.79[农业科学—畜牧学]