基于GIS的松花江干流暴雨洪涝灾害风险评估  

GIS-based Risk Assessment on Rain and Flood Disasters of Songhua River

作　　者：蒋新宇[1] 范久波[1] 张继权[1] 佟志军[1] 刘兴朋[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学城市与环境科学学院,东北师范大学自然灾害研究所,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《灾害学》2009年第3期51-56,共6页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：十一五国家科技支撑重大项目(2008BAJ08B14);国家自然科学基金(40871236);十一五国家科技支撑计划重点项目(2006BAD16B04-2-2);十一五国家科技支撑计划课题(2007BAC29B04)

摘　　要：以黑龙江省内的松花江干流流域作为研究区,从现代灾害风险理论出发,综合运用GIS空间分析和灾害风险评估数学方法,对松花江干流流域的暴雨洪涝灾害风险进行了定量评价。研究利用遥感数据和社会经济数据,在空间分析基础上,通过对暴雨洪涝灾害的危险性、承灾体的暴露性、脆弱性以及区域防灾减灾能力的分析,确定影响各个县市暴雨洪涝灾害风险的具体方面。并将因子集成为洪涝灾害风险指数(FDRI),在此基础之上绘制出松花江干流流域的洪涝灾害风险区划图,结果表明松花江干流洪涝灾害风险以哈尔滨和佳木斯两市最大,上游洪涝灾害风险大于下游。modem disaster comprehensively Taking Songhua River basin in Heilongjiang province as a research area, from the aspect of risk theories, rain and flood disasters risk of Songhua River basin is quantitativly evaluated by using GIS spatial analysis and mathematical method of risk assessment. On the basis of spatial analysis, RS data and social economic data are adopted in this research to analysis the hazard, exposure, vulnerability and emergency response and recovery capability of the counties, and then the specific factors that influence the disaster risk are pointed out. The result is presented as an integrated index which is flood disaster risk index （FDRI）. On the basis of FDRI, a risk map of rain and flood disasters of Songhua River basin is presented . The risk map shows briefly that Harbin and Jiamusi are the highest risk areas, the risk of upriver areas is higher than that of downriver areas.

关 键 词：松花江干流 暴雨 洪涝灾害 风险评估 GIS 黑龙江 

分 类 号：P333.2[天文地球—水文科学]