天津市孕期妇女预防接种知识现状及干预效果研究  

Investigation on vaccination knowledge status and intervention effect of gravidas in Tianjin

作　　者：朱向军[1] 李永成[1] 高志刚[1] 万丽霞[1] 陈伟[1] 骆晓燕[1] 丁亚兴[1] 黄海涛[1] 张之伦[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市疾病预防控制中心,300011

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2009年第25期3557-3559,共3页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

摘　　要：目的:了解天津市孕期妇女预防接种知识现状,探索对该人群开展健康干预方式。方法:对分层随机抽取的孕3个月到分娩在本市居住3个月及以上的孕妇在干预前后开展问卷调查,健康干预采用发放光盘和宣传手册2种方式。数据用χ2检验等方法分析。结果:干预前后分别调查714例和706例孕妇,随访率98.88%。干预前疫苗知晓率12.89%,干预后为42.72%(P<0.01)。干预前光盘和宣传手册组疫苗知晓率无差别,干预后光盘组高于宣传手册组(P<0.01);孕37周及以上人群干预后低于其他组(P<0.01)。95.52%的孕妇希望获得预防接种知识,最希望获取途径前3位为医生(56.72%)、专业书籍(31.23%)、专题讲座(26.61%)。结论:孕期妇女疫苗知晓率不高,该人群希望获取预防接种知识且健康干预效果明显。健康干预可以采取对孕20～36周孕妇发放宣传光盘和孕妇学校医生讲解相结合的方式。Objective： To understand the vaccination knowledge status and explore the measures of health intervention in gravidas. Methods： Gravidas living in Tianjin for more than 3 months were surveyed by stratified random sample. The intervention measures included VCD and throwaways. The data were analyzed by X^2 test. Results： There were 714 and 706 gravidas before and after intervention, the follow - up rate was 98.88%. The awareness rate of vaccination before and after intervention were 12.89% and 42. 72% （P 〈 0. 01 ） . Before intervention, there was no difference in awareness rate of vaccination between VCD group and throwaway group; after intervention, the awareness rate of vaccination in VCD group was high than that in throwaway group （ P 〈 0. 01 ） . The awareness rate of vaccination in women with gestational weeks ≥37 weeks was the lowest （ P 〈 0. 01 ） . 95.52% of the gravidas wanted to know about the knowledge of vaccination. The three acquired ways were from doctors （56. 72% ） , professional books （31.23%） and professional lectures （26. 61% ） . Conclusion ： The awareness rate of vaccination is low in pregnant women, and they want to know about the knowledge, the intervention effect is obvious. The best ways are VCD and health education in pregnant school to gravidas who are pregnant for 20 - 36 weeks.

关 键 词：孕妇 预防接种 知晓率 干预效果 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]