丙氨酸转移酶血液筛查应用意义的初步探讨  

Primary research of the importance of ALT testing on the safety of blood donor screening system

作　　者：刘李栋[1] 李超[1] 高瑜[1] 励修楣[1] 贾尧[1] 王迅[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市血液中心,上海200051

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2009年第7期527-530,共4页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

摘　　要：目的探讨现阶段继续开展ALT筛查对提高血液安全性的意义。方法对2006年2月—2008年1月上海地区565 360名献血者ALT检测结果进行统计;对其中3 395名因ALT检测不合格而延缓献血的献血者第2次献血筛查时间间隔和检测结果进行分析。结果565 360名献血者中32 042名ALT检测不合格(5.67%);再次献血的3 395名延缓献血者中,2 205名(64.95%)血液筛查结果合格,1 190名(35.05%)血液筛查不合格,其中单纯ALT不合格者1 151名(33.90%),单纯梅毒、HBsAg、抗-HCV或抗-HIV检测结果转阳者分别为11(0.32%)、12(0.35%)、7(0.21%)和1(0.03%)人,ALT与HBsAg、-抗HCV或抗-HIV检测同时不合格者分别为1(0.03%)、2(0.06%)和1(0.03%)名;72.64%延缓献血者的献血间隔时间<半年,单纯特异性传染病指标转阳者的平均间隔时间为140(24—267)d,ALT与特异性传染病指标同时不合格者的献血间隔期为91—220 d。结论在核酸检测等新的检测技术应用于血液筛查以前,ALT血液筛查能部分检出酶免疫检测的窗口期漏检,保障血液安全。Objective To analyze the second time blood screening results of ALT deferred donors, and to evaluate the importance of alanine aminotransferase （ALT） testing on the improvement of blood safety. Methods The ALT testing results of 565 360 blood donors from Feb. 2006 to Jan. 2008 of Shanghai Blood Center were studied retrospectively. The screening results and donation intervals of such donors who delayed their donation just because of their former unqualified ALT level were also analyzed. Results A total of 32 042 donors （5.67 % ） failed in ALT testing among 565 360 donors. And 3 395 ALT deferred donors participated the second time blood donation, among which 2 205（64. 95% ） passed the blood screening tests, while the other 1 190 .（35.05%） failed. Among the 1 190 unqualified blood donors, 1 151 （33. 90% ）failed again in ALT testing, and 11 （0. 32% ） in Syphilis, 12 （0. 35% ） in HBsAg, 7 （0. 21% ） in anti-HCV and 1 in anit-HIV （0. 03% ）. Meanwhile, donors failed both in ALT testing combined with HBsAg, anti-HCV, and anit- HIV sero-converted were 1 （0. 03% ）, 2 （0. 06% ） and 1 （0. 03% ）, respectively. And 72.64% of ALT deferred donors participated the second time blood donation within 6 months. The average donation intervals of donors with qualified ALT level but sero-converted were 140 days （from 24 to 267 days）, and those with both unqualified ALT level and sero-converted were 158 days （from 91 to 220 days）. Conclusion Before the new methods such as NAT were applied to blood donation screening system, ALT test could prevent the window-period failure of ELISA screening so as to improve the blood safety.

关 键 词：ALT检测 血液筛查 延缓献血 血液安全 

分 类 号：R446.61[医药卫生—诊断学]