地面坡度对红壤坡面土壤侵蚀过程的影响研究  

Effect of Slope Gradients on Soil Erosion Process in Red Earth Hillslopes

作　　者：张会茹[1,2] 郑粉莉[1,2] 耿晓东[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨陵712100 [2]黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨陵712100 [3]中国科学院研究生院,北京

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2009年第4期52-54,59,共4页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目“不同类型区土壤侵蚀过程及其机理”(2007CB407201);西北农林科技大学创新团队计划项目“土壤侵蚀及其治理环境效应评价”(01140202)

摘　　要：通过室内模拟降雨试验,研究了地面坡度对红壤坡面产流过程和侵蚀过程的影响,结果表明：坡面总径流量随坡度的增大呈减小趋势,其中25°坡面比5°坡面的径流量减小22.3%;随坡度的增加,坡面产流达到稳定的历时减少。径流含沙量和坡面侵蚀产沙量随坡度的变化在5°-20°呈增大趋势,而当坡度由20°增加到25°时,径流含沙量和侵蚀产沙量随坡度的增加呈减少的趋势,即在红壤坡面,坡度对侵蚀产沙量影响存在着临界坡度,其值变化于20°-25°之间。The simulated rainfall experiment was used to quantify the effects of slope gradients on runoff and soil erosion processes on red earth hillslopes.The results showed that runoff rates decreased with an increase in slope gradients.Compared to 5° slope,runoff rate on 25° slope decreased by 22.3%.The timing of reaching stable runoff reduced with an increase of slope gradients.Sediment contents in runoff and soil loss increased when slope gradients increased from 5° to 25°,but when slope gradients changed from 20° to 25°, sediment contents in runoff and soil loss decreased. The critical slope degree on effects of slope gradient on soil erosion process and the value is between 20° and 25°.

关 键 词：红壤坡面 坡度 产流过程 侵蚀过程 模拟降雨 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]