湖北省农业及其土地利用/覆盖变化对水质的影响  

Agriculture and Land Use/Cover Changes and Their Water Quality Effects in Hubei

作　　者：秦超欠[1] 黄建武[1] 胡凤娇[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学城环学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《山西师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第2期117-121,共5页Journal of Shanxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：2007年湖北省科技攻关计划项目(2007AA401B13)

摘　　要：本文应用湖北省1996年～2006年的土地利用变化及2000年以来江河湖泊的水质统计数据,分析10年来土地利用方变化强度、近年来长江、汉江、中小河流以及主要湖泊的水质变化趋势以及水质恶化和湖泊富营养化的原因.分析结果表明：耕地和未利用地向建设用地转化,土地利用变化强度最大的是耕地;近年来,江河湖泊的水质都在明显下降;湖北省水质不能明显改变的主要原因在于农业土地利用,以及人类对江河湖泊的不合理养殖和改造;化肥农药等污染源直接导致水环境质量恶化,而不合理的农业土地利用方式使湖北省生态环境恶化,加剧水质恶化;通过增加植被覆盖、降低更低坡度以减少雨水对地表土的冲刷、控制农药化肥使用量、建农村企业污水处理厂、走生态农业发展道路改善水质.In the paper we apply statistical data of land-use change in 1996 -2006 and water quality of lakes and rivers in 2000 - 2006 in Hubei Province to analyze the intensity of 10-year land use changes, the trend of water quality change of the Yangtze River, the Han River, mainly small and medium-sized rivers and the lakes as well as the cause of the deterioration of water quality and lake eutrophication. The results show that part of the farming and the unused land have been transformed to the construction land and fanning is the fiest in the intensity of land use changes. In recent years, water quality of all the rivers and lake has obviously been dicreasing. The primary cause that water quality cannot improve obviously lies in the improper agricultural land use as well as human＇s improper aquaculture and transformation to the rivers and lakes. Pollution such as fertilizer, pesticide as a direct result of the deterioration of water environment quality, unreasonable use of agricultural land make Hubei environmental degradation and aggravate the deterioration of water quality. To improve water quality,we should increase vegetation cover, lower slope to reduce the rain water to washout the place surface soil, control usage amount of chemical fertilizer and pesticide, constructs the countryside enterprise of sewage treatment plant and develop ecological agriculture.

关 键 词：湖北省 农业 土地利用 水质 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济] X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]