可靠性理论在建筑施工安全领域的应用研究  

Application study of Reliability theory in the field of construction safety

作　　者：彭伟功[1] 李春光[1] 杨德钦[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州航空工业管理学院土木建筑工程学院,郑州450015

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2009年第4期115-119,共5页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：河南省软科学项目(编号:082400452430)

摘　　要：针对建筑施工安全管理体系,从系统可靠性的视角,综合运用可靠性方面的知识,构建了建筑施工安全管理系统混联模型。在此基础上,将可靠性分配理论与故障树分析方法相结合,根据系统安全目标的要求,确定混联系统的第一层次各单元事件的可靠性目标值,对构成各单元的各个下属单元采取最小工作量可靠度分配方法,以此类推,从而建立系统中各单元可靠度再分配量化模型。为便于应用,通过建筑施工过程中常见的脚手架坠落实例,详述系统各单元可靠性分配的计算过程。研究表明,可靠性理论可以成功地应用到建筑施工安全领域;使系统在给定的目标值条件下达到系统的安全性优化,从而实现建筑施工安全保障效能,减小事故损失。The construction safety complex system model from the concern of reliability was set up by using the knowledge of reliability. Based on this, the reliability request of each unit of the first layer was decided according to the given value of system safety target by combining reliability allocation theory with fault tree analysis（FTA） ,and then the reliability was allocated by minimization of effort algorithm among each unit of the second layer, and so on. Thus, a quantitative model for calculating the reliability of each component in system was set up. The method was demonstrated by an example. It showed that reliability theory can be successfully applied in the field of construction safety and can conveniently fulfill the optimization of system safety under the condition of a given target so as to realize guarantee effectiveness of construction safety and reduce the accident loss.

关 键 词：建筑施工安全 可靠性分配 故障树分析(FTA) 任务可靠性模型 

分 类 号：X956[环境科学与工程—安全科学]