铜陵地区2007年细菌耐药性监测  

Surveillance of bacterial resistance in Tongling area during year of 2007

作　　者：宋有良[1] 潘晓龙[2] 周东升[2] 吴同生[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省铜陵市人民医院感染科,244009 [2]安徽省铜陵市人民医院检验科,244009

出　　处：《中国感染与化疗杂志》2009年第2期113-117,共5页Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy

基　　金：安徽省铜陵市科技计划项目经费资助课题(项目编号02A2222)

摘　　要：目的了解安徽省铜陵地区临床分离菌株耐药状况。方法2007年1—12月铜陵地区临床分离菌株用Kirby-Bauer法进行药敏试验。结果1 375株细菌中革兰阳性菌399株,占29.0%;革兰阴性菌976株,占71.0%;MRSA和MRCNS分别占金葡菌和CNS的18.4%和70.0%;MRSA和MRCNS对庆大霉素、环丙沙星、克林霉素和红霉素等均高度耐药,对利福平和氯霉素的耐药率均较低;未见耐万古霉素葡萄球菌;粪肠球菌对青霉素、氨苄西林、呋喃妥因、磷霉素和氯霉素的耐药率较低,未见耐万古霉素和耐替考拉宁粪肠球菌;屎肠球菌对磷霉素和氯霉素耐药率较低,发现2株万古霉素耐药屎肠球菌。大肠埃希菌和克雷伯菌属中产ESBLs株分别占49.3%和35.9%,产ESBLs株除对亚胺培南和美罗培南均无耐药外,对其他19种抗菌药物的耐药率均较非产ESBLs株高;不发酵糖菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南和头孢哌酮-舒巴坦等耐药率较低。结论革兰阳性菌对糖肽类抗生素耐药率低;肠杆菌科细菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南、头孢哌酮-舒巴坦、哌拉西林-他唑巴坦和阿米卡星等耐药率低。Objective To investigate the bacterial resistance of clinical isolates collected in Tongling area. Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility test was conducted by Kirby-Bauer method. Results Of the 1 375 clinical isolates collected during 2007, gram positive organisms accounted for 29.0%, gram negative organisms 71.0%. MRSA and MRCNS accounted for 18.4% and 70.0% of S. aureus and coagulase negative Staphylococcus respectively. MRSA and MRCNS showed higher resistance to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin and erythromycin; but lower resistance to rifampicin or chloramphenicol. No vancomycin- or teicoplanin-resistant strain of Staphylococcus spp. was identified. The resistance rate to penicillin, arnpicillin, nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin and chloramphenicol was low in E. faecalis. E. faecium was relatively less resistant to fosfomycin and chloramphenicol. Two strains of E. faecium were identified as vancomycin-resistant. About 49.3% of E. coli isolates and 35.9% of Klebsiella isolates produced extended-spectrum β-1actamases （ESBLs）. The resistance rates of ESBLs-producing strains to 19 antimicrobial agents were much higher than those of ESBLs non-producing ones. No imipenem or meropenem-resistant isolate was found. The resistance rate of non-fermenters was lower to imipenem, meropenem and cefoperazone-sulbactam. Conclusions The resistance rate of gram positive isolate was lower to glycopeptides. The resistance rate of Enterobacteriaceae spp. was lower to imipenem, meropenem, cefoperazone-sulbactam, piperacillin-tazohactam and amikacin.

关 键 词：细菌 耐药性 抗菌药物 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]