生态补偿标准确定的主要方法及其应用  

Main methods for setting ecological compensation standard and their application

作　　者：李晓光[1] 苗鸿[1] 郑华[1] 欧阳志云[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《生态学报》2009年第8期4431-4440,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50639070);国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)资助项目(2006CB403402;2009CB421105);欧盟课题资助项目(510897)

摘　　要：构建生态补偿机制协调区域生态环境保护和经济发展矛盾的有效手段,但生态补偿标准及其确定方法一直是生态补偿机制建立中的重点和难点。在文献调研的基础上,论述了确定生态补偿标准的理论基础:生态系统服务功能价值理论、市场理论和半市场理论。以这3种理论为依据,系统总结了生态补偿标准确定的主要方法,并对不同方法的原理、适用的范围、特点及其应用的典型案例展开述评。最后对如何完善生态补偿标准确定方法进行了展望。Ecological compensation is an important method that uses economical principles to solve eco-environmental problems.This method is widely adopted to protect environment around the world and has been proved efficient.The core of ecological compensation is how to set ecological compensation standard.Based on extensive literature survey,the theoretical foundations for setting ecological compensation standard,including ecosystem services value theory,market theory and half-market theory,are advanced.And we further summarize main methods for setting ecological compensation standard and analyze the main principles,the scope for application,features and typically applied cases of different methods.Finally,how to improve the methods for setting ecological compensation standard in the future is prospected.The article foresees the study in setting standard of ecological compensation.

关 键 词：生态补偿 标准 生态系统服务功能 市场 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]