丹顶鹤(Grus japonensis)东、西种群巢址选择的分异  

The difference in characteristics of the nest-site selection between the east and west populations of the Red-crowned Cranes(Grus japonensis)

作　　者：刘学昌[1] 吴庆明[1] 邹红菲[1] 李晓民[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《生态学报》2009年第8期4483-4491,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划课题资助项目(2008BADB0B01);国家新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项目;国家自然科学基金资助项目(30670350)

摘　　要：丹顶鹤（Grus japonensis）大陆种群以布列亚山—小兴安岭—张广才岭为界分为东、西两部分。2004~2005年,通过实地测量丹顶鹤东、西种群主要繁殖地的31处巢址的生境因子并进行统计学分析发现：丹顶鹤东、西种群巢址的芦苇密度、苇丛面积及巢距干扰源距离的差异显著（P（0.05）;采用系统聚类分析的方法可将位于5个保护区的丹顶鹤巢分成两类,且两类鹤巢分属东、西种群;丹顶鹤东、西种群巢址选择的分异不仅表现在单个生境因子的数量差别,还表现为群体采取不同的隐蔽对策;丹顶鹤东、西种群营巢对水深和芦苇高度的选择稳定一致。生境丧失作为外因通过丹顶鹤的＂K生活史＂特征起作用,导致丹顶鹤东、西种群的巢址选择具有群体特征。Continental populations of Red-crowned Crane（Grus japonensis）are divided into two distinctive parts by the line of Bureinsky Mountains — Xiaoxing＇an Mountains — Zhangguangcai Mountains.In 2004 and 2005,through measurements and statistical testing to the environment factors of 31 nest-sites in the main breeding areas of the eastern and western populations of Red-crowned Crane,we found that three habitat factors： reed density,reed area,and distance to disturbances,show significant differences between the eastern and western populations of the Red-crowned Cranes（p0.05）.The results of Hierarchical anlysis based on nest-site habitat factors indicated that Red-crowned Cranes breeding in five nature reserves can be divided into two distinctive parts（the eastern and the western populations）.These characteristics were present on both quantitative difference of habitat factors and covering tactics by different migratory populations.We found that both eastern and western cranes selected nesting sites with the same water depth and reed height.Habitat loss influenced the crane populations for their K-life history strategies,which formed different characteristics of the nest-site selection between the east and west populations of the Red-crowned Cranes.

关 键 词：丹顶鹤 种群 巢址选择 聚类分析 判别分析 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]