2008年广西铅锌矿区周边农村环境铅污染现状调查  

Survey on Environmental Lead Pollution in Rural Areas around Lead-zinc Mining Area in Guangxi,2008

作　　者：刘展华[1] 唐振柱[1] 黄江平[1] 黄兆勇[1] 黄柯[1] 李裕生[1] 黎勇[1] 黎智[1] 农惠婷[1] 姚雪婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心食品安全与环境卫生科,广西南宁530028

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2009年第8期708-710,共3页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：广西壮族自治区科技厅立项项目(桂科攻0816003-1-12)

摘　　要：目的了解2008年广西铅锌矿区周边农村铅污染现状。方法于2008年8至12月,采集分布于3条河流流域(涉及6个铅锌锡矿开采、冶炼区)的4县28村的食用农作物(大米101份、稻谷30份、蔬菜等59份)190份、家禽肉及内脏45份、鱼5份、地表水(河水、灌溉水、稻田水)27份、地下水12份、生活饮用水末梢水13份、耕种土壤样品29份检测铅含量,对人群开展膳食铅摄入调查。结果食用农作物53.68%(102/190)铅含量超标,以大米(47.52%)、叶菜(100%)超标严重;鸡蛋5份、花生2份、鲜玉米13份铅含量未超标;36%(18/50)的禽肉及内脏铅超标,以肝、肠铅含量较高。村民仅通过进食大米、蔬菜其每周铅摄入量已达4.55mg,超出耐受量0.52倍。结论本次调查区域的村民主要通过进食受铅污染的大米、蔬菜及家禽等动植物食品摄入铅,必须采取措施,控制当地的铅污染。Objective To know the environmental lead pollution status of rural areas around the mining area in Guangxi, 2008. Methods From August to December, 2008,the survey was carried out in 28 villages of 4 counties ,which were located in basin of three rivers and their tributaries. Six lead-zinc-tin mines were situated in the investigated area. The local samples were collected, including I01 rice samples, 30 paddy samples, 59 vegetable samples and 45 samples of meat, viscera of poultry, 5 fish samples, and 27 surface water samples, 12 ground water samples,13 drinking water samples, 29 cropland soil samples. The lead content of them were determined, the dietary survey on lead intake was performed among the residents living near the mining area also. Results 53.68% （102/190） of the crop samples revealed higher lead contents, which were over the standard limit, especially for rice（47.52%） and leafy vegetables （100%）.The lead contents for five eggs samples, two peanuts samples and thirteen fresh corns were qualified. 36%（ 102/190）of the samples of meat and viscera of poultry revealed higher lead contents, which were over the standard limit, especially for liver and chicken intestine. The lead intake only through rice and vegetables reached 4.55 mg in one week, which was over the tolerance dose by 0.52 times. Conclusion The lead intake of the residents living near the lead-zinc mining area are mainly from crop and vegetables and poultry. Environmental lead pollution is serious in the investigated area and must be controlled as possible as early.

关 键 词：铅 土壤 水 农村 铅锌矿区 农作物 家禽 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]