特高压交流输电线路与航空中波导航台间防护距离计算  

Calculation of Radio Interference from HV AC Transmission Line to Aeronautical Radionavigation Stations

作　　者：张小武[1] 刘兴发[1] 邬雄[1] 万保权[1] 张广洲[1] 

机构地区：[1]国网电力科学研究院,武汉430074

出　　处：《高电压技术》2009年第8期1830-1835,共6页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划(2006BAA02A09)~~

摘　　要：与500kV输电线路相比,1000kV特高压输电线路具有电压高、杆塔高、线路走廊宽等特点,对航空中波导航台的无线电干扰更复杂。GB6364-1986《航空无线电导航台站电磁环境要求》未对1000kV特高压输电线路与中波导航台间的防护距离作出规定,给特高压线路选址造成不确定因素。为此,分析了特高压交流输电线路对航空中波导航台的有源干扰和二次辐射产生机理,根据中波导航台的工作方式,结合中波导航台引导飞机进场着陆路轨迹,计算特高压输电线路对航空中波导航台的航线,以及远、近距导航台的有源干扰,仿真分析特高压交流输电线路二次辐射对无线电罗盘的定向误差影响。计算结果表明,从有源干扰角度考虑,取15dB的防护率,对于航线导航台,在距离天线中心38.9km内均可架设特高压输电线路;对于远近距导航台间任意点均可架设特高压输电线路;从无源干扰角度考虑,无线电罗盘定向误差≤1°,则防护距离为700m。选取两者中较大者作为防护距离的计算值,最终的防护距离还需结合试验确定。Compared with 500 kV transmission line, 1000 kV UHV transmission line is characterized by high voltage, high tower and capacious right of way. Radio interference of 1000 kV UHV transmission line to NDB（Non-Directional Beacon） is more complex than 500 kV transmission line. GB6364-1986 Electromagnetic Environment Requirements for Aeronautical Radio Navigation Stations do not provide specific regulations on protection distance between NDB and 1000 kV UHV transmission line, which brings about uncertainties during designing 1000 kV UHV transmission line. Therefore, radio interference from HV AC transmission line is analyzed, including generating mechanism, frequency characteristic, and attenuation characteristic, and the operation mode of this system is described. According to Electromagnetic Environment Requirements for Aeronautical Radio Navigation Stations, effect of HV AC transmission line active interference on aeronautical radio navigation stations is analyzed , the main affected objects are non-directional beacon , the protecting distance between the HV AC transmission line and aeronautical radio navigation stations is calculated in detail with flying track, if the interference from transmission line is less than 15 dB, the direction finding error is acceptant. Calculation results show that HV AC transmission line can be set away from line course station 38.9 km, and anywhere between near station and far station. If the error of direction finding is less than 1 deg, the protective distance between the HV AC transmission line and aeronautical radio navigation stations is 700 m, and the calculated protective distance is 700 m.

关 键 词：特高压交流输电线路 航空中波导航台 无线电罗盘 防护率 电磁环境要求 二次辐射 

分 类 号：TM721.2[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]