用于棉籽油制备生物柴油的固体酸催化剂研究  

STUDY ON THE SOLID ACID CATALYST FOR THE PREP ARATION OF BIODIESEL FUEL FROM COTTONSEED OIL

作　　者：黄永茂[1] 袁金磊[1] 杨学林[1] 李小云[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北化工医药职业技术学院,石家庄050026 [2]河北科技大学化学与制药工程学院

出　　处：《石油炼制与化工》2009年第8期31-35,共5页Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals

摘　　要：研制出适用于棉籽油与甲醇发生酯交换反应制备生物柴油的固体酸催化剂。考察了催化剂活性组分比例、焙烧温度和焙烧时间等制备条件对催化剂活性的影响。研究结果表明,在n(Al):n(Zr):n(La)=1:0.4:0.08、焙烧温度550℃、焙烧时间5 h的条件下优化制备的S_2O_8^(2-)/Al_2O_3-ZrO_2-La_2O_3固体酸催化剂,用于酯交换反应时具有良好的催化活性和稳定性,在反应温度150℃、醇油摩尔比12:1、固体酸催化剂用量为油质量的4%、反应时间6 h的条件下产物中棉籽油甲酯含量达到95.8%,催化剂重复使用10次后甲酯含量仍维持在86%左右;制备得到的生物柴油质量达到国家柴油机燃料调合用生物柴油(BD100)标准。A solid acid catalyst was developed for preparing biodiesel from cottonseed oil by transesterification with methanol. The influences of catalyst preparation conditions including the ratios of active components, calcination temperature and calcination time were studied and the optimum preparation conditions were obtained. The results indicated that S2O8 ^2-/Al2O3-ZrO2-La2O3 solid acid catalyst prepared under the optimum conditions of active component ratios of n（Al） ： n（Zr） ： n（La）= 1 ： 0.4 ： 0.08,a calcination temperature of 550 ℃ and a calcination time of 5 h exhibited high catalytic activity and stability for transesterification. Under the reaction conditions of a temperature of 150 ℃, a methanol/oil molar ratio of 12,a catalyst dosage of 4% and a reaction time of 6 h, the content of fatty acid methyl ester in the reaction product could reach 95.8%. Even after reusing for 10 times,the fatty acid methyl ester content still remained at about 86%. The qualities of the obtained biodiesel met the specifications of National Standard for blended biodiesel（BD100）.

关 键 词：固体酸 棉籽油 生物柴油 酯交换反应 

分 类 号：TE667[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]