黄瓜组织浸提液对黄瓜幼苗及土壤生化特性的影响  

Effects of cucumber tissue aqueous extracts on cucumber seedling growth and soil biochemistry

作　　者：董林林[1] 王倩[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2009年第4期54-58,共5页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技攻关资助项目(2006BAD07B03)

摘　　要：通过盆栽试验,研究黄瓜组织浸提液对黄瓜幼苗生长、根际土壤微生物数量、酶活性的化感作用。结果表明,随着黄瓜植株浸提液浓度的增加,黄瓜幼苗的株高、子叶大小、地上部干重、根干重表现为先增加后降低,而丙二醛含量先降低后增加;黄瓜根际土壤中放线菌数量显著减少25.5%,真菌、镰刀菌数量先减少后分别增加1.55%、137%,细菌数量先增加51.9%后减少12.7%;多酚氧化酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶活性显著增加,而蔗糖酶活性显著降低。相关分析表明,多酚氧化酶活性与脲酶、过氧化氢酶活性显著正相关,与蔗糖酶活性、真菌数量显著负相关;脲酶活性与过氧化氢酶活性、镰刀菌数量显著正相关,与放线菌数量显著负相关;蔗糖酶活性与真菌数量显著正相关,过氧化氢酶活性与放线菌数量显著负相关,与镰刀菌数量显著正相关。本试验说明黄瓜组织中的化感物质影响黄瓜幼苗的生长、改变土壤的生物化学结构。Effects of aqueous tissue extracts of cucumber on growth of cocumber seedlings, population of soil microbes and enzyme activities were investigated in a pot experiment. Results showed that the plant height, cotyledon size and shoot and root dry weight increased initially and then decreased, while the MDA content was first decreased and then increased. The population of actincmyces was significantly reduced, that of bacteria increased initially, then reduced, while that of fungi fusarium was first reduced then increased with increasing extract concentrations. The activities of polyhenol oxidase, urease and catalase were significantly increased while saccharase activity was pronounced deduced in contrast with control. The polyhenol oxidase activity had a significant positive correlation with urease and catalase activities, but was negatively correlated with saccharase activity and population of fungi. Urease activity had a significant positive correlation with catalase activity and population of fusarium but had a remarkable negative correlation with the population of actincmyces. Saccharase activity had a pronounced positive correlation with the population of fungi. Catalase activity had a significantly negative correlation with the population of actincmyces but a pronounced positive correlation with that of fusarium. Thus, the allelochemicals in cucumber tissues could effect cucumber seedling growth as well as soil biochemistry.

关 键 词：黄瓜 化感作用 土壤微生物 土壤酶 

分 类 号：S641[农业科学—蔬菜学]