云南省野鼠鼠疫现状及疫源地毗邻关系研究  

The Epidemic Situation and Neighbour Relationship of Wild Rodent Plague in Yunnan Province

作　　者：董兴齐[1] 宋志忠[1] 梁云[1] 王国良[1] 于国林[1] 马永康[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省地方病防治所,云南大理671000

出　　处：《昆明医学院学报》2009年第8期21-25,共5页Journal of Kunming Medical College

摘　　要：收集整理近30a的鼠疫监测资料信息,运用描述流行病学方法,分析野鼠鼠疫疫源地,特别是玉龙鼠疫的发现、证实及其流行态势.结果发现玉龙存在野鼠鼠疫疫源地,目前正处于活跃时期,疫源地范围尚不清楚,由于疫区距中心城市较近,其潜在危害较大.玉龙鼠疫与剑川齐氏姬鼠、大绒鼠鼠疫可能同属一种类型的野鼠鼠疫自然疫源地,我省滇西北高海拔地区,尤其是有齐氏姬鼠、大绒鼠、喜马拉雅旱獭栖息的一些地带可能存在有鼠疫的活动.从鼠疫菌某些生物学特征看,玉龙鼠疫菌株能酵解甘油、麦芽糖、阿胶糖,不酵解鼠李糖、密二糖,脱氮阴性,与青藏高原喜马拉雅旱獭鼠疫自然疫源地分离的菌株相似,提示玉龙鼠疫有可能渊源于青藏高原喜马拉雅旱獭鼠疫,可能是青藏高原喜马拉雅旱獭鼠疫沿横断山脉向南扩散的一种过渡型.这一研究发现将为进一步研究我国鼠疫遗传与进化提供一新的思路.This paper analyzed the character of wild rodent plague foci, particularly the discovering, confirming and epidemic situation of rodent plague in Yulong county by collecting surveillance data of plague in the last 30 years and using the method of descriptive epidemiology. We found Yulong county belongs to wild rodent plague region and is an active period of plague epidemic. Its range of epidemic is still unclear. It has higher potential risk due to the shorter distance to central city. After epidemiological analysis, plague in Ynlong county may be the same as Apodemus chevriert and Eothenomys miletus plague in Jianchuan county. The higher altitude area in northwest of Yunnan, especially those areas having Apodemus chevriert, Eothenomys miletus, marmot in Himalaya may have plague epidemic. In the biological characters of Y. pestis strains, Y. pestis strains isolated from Yulong county can glycolyze Glycerol, Maltose, Arabinose, but can not glycolyze Rhamnoseand Melibiose and the response of denitrification was negative, which are similar with the biological characters of Y. pestis strains from Qinghai and Tibet Plateau Himalaya marmot plague foci. It indicated that plague in Yulong county may originate from Qinghai and Tibet Plateau Himalaya marmot plague and may be a transition type from Himalaya marmot plague along Transverse mountain to the south. The discovering of plague in Yulong county provides a new idea to further study the characters of heredity and evolution of Y. pestis strains in China.

关 键 词：鼠疫 疫源地 毗邻关系 

分 类 号：R18[医药卫生—流行病学]