花卉种植大棚农药暴露对花农健康的影响  

The Effects of Pesticides Exposure on Farmers in Floriculture Greenhouse

作　　者：邢杰[1,2] 刘苹[1] 陈青松[3] 杨红英[4] 袁卫红[4] 漆骏[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明医学院公共卫生学院,云南昆明650031 [2]潍坊医学院预防医学系,山东潍坊261042 [3]广东省职业病防治院,广东广州510420 [4]昆明医学院第二附属医院,云南昆明650101

出　　处：《昆明医学院学报》2009年第8期56-62,共7页Journal of Kunming Medical College

基　　金：云南省科学技术基金资助项目(2005GH20)

摘　　要：目的探讨花卉种植大棚农药暴露对花农健康的影响.方法选取某村大棚花卉种植者144人作为暴露组,同村不种植花卉者44人为对照组,知情同意后进行健康体检和静脉采血.体检项目包括内外科、五官科、皮肤、神经系统和心血管系统.血液生化包括血常规、乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)、肝功能、免疫球蛋白IgG、IgA和IgM.内分泌指标为甲状腺激素T3、T4和TSH;生殖激素:促黄体生成激素(LH)、促卵泡成熟激素(FSH)、雌二醇(E)2和睾酮(T).结果花农血清AChE活性与红细胞、血红蛋白、红细胞压积、总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、谷丙转胺酶、T3、T4等9项指标之间呈正相关(偏相关分析,P<0.05),与直接胆红素呈负相关(偏相关分析,P<0.05).根据血清乙酰胆碱酯酶水平将花农分为低、中、高三个暴露组.健康体检花农多数结果与对照组比较无差异(P>0.05),但暴露组心率低于对照组(P<0.05),心电图异常率也比对照组高(P<0.05,OR=2.39),且暴露程度与心电图异常率呈高度正相关(rs=0.956,P<0.01),心电图异常多为窦缓.与对照组比较,中暴露组血清IgM降低(P<0.05);高暴露组T3比对照组低(P<0.05),且T3、T4与暴露程度呈负相关(P<0.05);中暴露组男性FSH降低(P<0.05);高暴露组血清TP、GB及ALT降低而DBIL升高;低暴露组血清ALB升高;高暴露组LYM、RBC、HB、HCT降低,以上改变均具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论温室大棚花卉种植对花农的心血管系统、免疫功能、内分泌功能、肝脏功能和血液系统均有一定程度的损伤.Objective To study the effects of pesticides exposure in greenhouse on floriculture farmers. Methods One floriculture village was selected as target place. According to pesticide usage in the greenhouse, the farmers were divided into exposure group （144 persons） and control group （44 persons）. General health examination was made and serum or blood were detected for below indexes： ACHE, immunoglobulin （IgG, IgA and IgM） ; reproductive hormone （LH, FSH, E2 and T） ; thyroid hormone （T3, T4 and TSH） ; haematological parameters and the haemato-biochemical parameters. Results According to serum AChE level, the exposure group was divided into low, middle and high exposure groups. The heart rate in exposure groups was significantly lower than that of control group （P 〈 0.05）. The risk of abnormal ECG in the exposure groups was much higher than that of control group （OR = 2.39） and it showed a dose-response relationship （rs = 0.956）. The serum IgM in middle exposure group decreased compared with the control group. T3 in high exposure group was lower than that of control group （P 〈 0.05）, and there was a negative relationship between T3, T4 and exposure levels （P 〈0.05）. The serum TP, GB and ALT decreased in high exposure group, the serum DBIL increased in high exposure group, the serum ＇ALB increased in low exposure group, LYM, RBC, HB, HCT of high exposure group decreased significantly compared with the control group; all these changes had statistical significant （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Chronic exposure to pesticides in ouse has adverse effects on floriculture farmers＇ cardiovascular system, immunological function, reproductive hormone level, liver function and blood system.

关 键 词：花卉种植 花农 温室 心血管系统 免疫球蛋白 甲状腺激素 生殖激素 

分 类 号：R181.31[医药卫生—流行病学]