8820例儿童伤害住院的特征分析  

Analysis on 8820 Inpatients Cases of Children Injuries

作　　者：李静[1] 刘苹[1] 宋肖肖[1] 隋维华[2] 吴雪融[3] 顾华康[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明医学院公共卫生学院,云南昆明650031 [2]昆明医学院第二附属医院,云南昆明650101 [3]云南省昆明市儿童医院,云南昆明650034

出　　处：《昆明医学院学报》2009年第8期111-114,118,共5页Journal of Kunming Medical College

基　　金：昆明医学院创新群体基金(KMC2005DG05)

摘　　要：目的分析某市儿童伤害住院的特征及死亡影响因素，为开展儿童伤害的预防控制提供科学依据．方法收集某市7所医院2003年至2007年间0～14岁儿童伤害住院病例8820例，采用国际疾病分类标准ICD-10分析儿童伤害住院的特征，并探讨儿童伤害住院死亡的影响因素．结果该市5年间儿童伤害住院8820例，男女分别为86．2％和13．8％；伤害住院患儿0～4岁、5～9岁和10～14岁年龄组的比例分别为44．24％、33．24％和22．52％．损伤是儿童伤害住院的主要类型，在3个年龄组均为首位，分别为44．88％，78．96％和76．49％；而0～4岁组自然腔口进入异物占15．26％、烧伤／腐蚀伤／冻伤占28．70％（P〈0．001）．儿童伤害住院原因中意外事故占96．7％；意外事故中跌落为首位，在3个年龄组分别为18．72％、29．16％和28．97％（P〈0．001），其次是道路交通伤害占19．50％．道路交通伤害在0—4岁和5～9岁年龄组行人受伤是首位（44．95％和47．40％），10-14岁组为第二位；10～14岁年龄组骑脚踏车受伤的比例达17．44％．Logistic回归分析显示，伤害住院儿童死亡中运输事故受伤者死亡风险最大（P〈0．05），入院情况危重患儿比入院情况一般者死亡风险大（OR=30．479，P〈0．001）．结论伤害住院男童远高于女童，主要类型是损伤，意外事故以跌落为首位，道路交通伤害占第二位，道路交通伤害中以行人受伤为主，提示要针对不同年龄制定儿童伤害的预防控制措施．Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of injuries among children inpatients aged from 0 to 14 years old, and to provide the scientific proof for preventing children injury. Methods 8 820 Children inpatients cases data from 7 hospitals in Kunming city from 2003 to 2007 were collected. ICD-10 coding was used to analyses epidemiological characteristics. Results The ratio of male and female children inpatients cases was 86.2% and 13.8% respectively while the proportion of 0 - 4, 5 - 9 and 10 - 14 age groups was 44.24%, 33.24% and 22.52% respectively. Trauma was the number one of injuries in three age groups with ratio 44.88%, 78.96% and 76.49%. ＂ Natural cave mouth entered exotic body＂ in 0 -4 age group was 15.26% and ＂burn/frostbite/corrosive iniury＂ was 28.70% （P 〈 0.001 ）. Unintentional injuries were the main cause resultingin children inpatients accounting for 96.7% and fall off in three age groups was the number one type with 18.72% 29.16% and 28.97% respectively （ x^ 2 = 816.869, P〈 0.001 ）. Traffic injury was the second cause. Pedestrian was the most vulnerable group in the traffic injury in 0 - 4 and 5 - 9 age groups were 44.95% and 47.40%. The ratio of injury by bicycle in 10 - 14 age group was 17.44%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the significant predictors of deaths of injuries hospitalization were dangerous conditions while admission （OR=30. 479）, causes of traffic accidents and hospitalization days. Gonclusion Inpatients caused by injury in boys was much more than that of girls and trauma was number one in all kinds of injury. In external causes of injuries unexpected accidents accounted for the largest proportion. Falling off was children＇s main injury cause and traffic accident was mainly happened in pedestrians.

关 键 词：儿童 伤害 住院 流行病学特征分析 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R129[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]