中国大陆地质历史的旋回与阶段  

Cycles and Stages of Geological History of China Mainland

作　　者：李锦轶[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院地质研究所

出　　处：《中国地质》2009年第3期504-514,I0002,515-527,共25页Geology in China

基　　金：国家973项目课题"大型断裂系统与古构造格局改造(2007CB411306)";国家973项目课题"中亚型造山与成矿综合研究(2001CB409810)";国土资源大调查工作项目"中美矿产资源对比研究(1212010561502-1)";国土资源大调查工作项目"全国重要矿产成矿地质背景研究(1212010733802)";国土资源大调查工作项目"中国北方及邻区古生代造山过程;陆壳生长及其对成矿作用制约(1212010711817)";国土资源大调查工作项目"中国北方及邻区大型断裂活动历史及其对古构造-成矿格局的改造(1212010611806)";国土资源大调查工作项目"东天山地区构造格架研究(200013000201)"资助

摘　　要：基于对中国大陆已有资料的综合研究,特别是把中国大陆已有地质记录与现今不同板块构造环境形成的岩石组合对比,笔者提出了中国大陆太古宙以来的地质历史可以划分为至少6个大陆形成演化旋回的新论点,根据它们对中国大陆形成演化的贡献并考虑全球大陆形成演化已有认识,建议把它们分别命名为始华旋回、古华旋回、北华旋回、南华旋回、华夏旋回和泛华旋回。建议以大陆裂解记录作为划分这些旋回的标志,每个旋回根据运动学和动力学的差异,进一步划分为裂解离散阶段、汇聚重组阶段和陆内发展阶段。在简要论述了中国大陆形成演化的这6个旋回以后,对中国大陆不同地区时空演化差异和板块构造与地幔柱之间的关系进行了简要讨论,认为(1)此张彼合的地球表层构造运动规律和陆缘与陆内环境并存是导致不同地区大陆时空演化差异的根本原因;(2)板块之间相互作用和地幔柱活动(即地球不同层圈之间的相互作用),是地球上同时存在的两种相互独立的构造体制,它们有可能在一个地区同时存在。This paper puts forward a new viewpoint that geological history of China may be divided into six disintegrating- reintegrating cycles based on available geological data, especially on the comparison of these data with rocks in various plate-tectonic settings. In comideration of their contribution to the formation of China＇s mainland and the new development of global supercontinental research, these cycles are named Eochina cycle, Paleochina cycle, North China cycle, South China cycle, China cycle and Panchina cycle, respectively. It is suggested that geological records of the continental rifting should serve as the the benchmark between two cycles. The cycle may be subdivided further into disintegrating, reintegrating and intracontinental stages with various kinds of kinematics and dynamics. Following a brief, description of these six cycles in the geological history of China＇s mainland, this paper deals with two important problems, i. e., the cause for the different temporal and spatial distributions in the formation and evolution of China＇s mainland, and the relationship between the plate tectonics and the mantle plume. Geological features of China＇s mainland has led the author to reach the primary conclusions that the coexistence of the rifting in some regions with the simultaneous amalgamation in other regions in the Earth is the major cause for temporal and spatial difference in tectonic evolution of various areas, and that mantle plume and plate tectonics are two isolated dynamic regimes and may occur in the same area at the same time.

关 键 词：中国大陆 地质历史 旋回 阶段 板块构造 地幔柱 

分 类 号：P541[天文地球—构造地质学]