汶川地震地质灾害发育特点及动因机制分析  

Characteristics and dynamic cause mechanism of the Wenchuan Earthquake geological hazards

作　　者：乔彦肖[1] 马中社 吕凤军[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省遥感中心,河北石家庄050021 [2]河北省地质调查院,河北石家庄050081

出　　处：《中国地质》2009年第3期736-741,共6页Geology in China

摘　　要：汶川地震地质灾害具有发生范围大、密度大、明显的成群成带性、灾害类型以崩塌滑坡为主、且崩塌远多于滑坡以及次生地质灾害将长期存在的特点。这些特点主要是由于地震波自(地壳)内而外的、纵波和横波的连环传播导致山体先是结构性损伤,继而使表层岩土体失稳而造成的。岩性、地形地貌以及岩层倾向的差异也在一定程度上影响着灾害类型的发育和空间分布。汶川地震次生地质灾害防治将是一个任务艰巨、过程漫长、前所未有、充满科技挑战的一项系统工程。Geological hazards of the Wenchuan Great Earthquake are characterized by a wide affecting range and a high density. The main types of the geological hazards are collapse and landshde, the collapse occurs far more frequently than the landslide, and the secondary geological hazards are likely to be existent for a long period in future. These characteristics are caused mainly by the spread of the seismic waves from the inside of the earth＇s crust to the surface as well as the spread of the P wave after S wave, which results in the harm to the mountain＇s inside structure, followed by the loss of the stability of the surface rock. The differences between lithology, landform and rock inclination exert to a certain extent influence on the geological type and the spatial distribution. In the post- earthquake reconstruction, the arduousness of the task and the protracted nature of the geological hazard control should be taken fully into account.

关 键 词：汶川地震 地质灾害 特点 动因机制 地震波 

分 类 号：P315.2[天文地球—地震学]