砂石覆盖厚度和粒径对土壤蒸发的影响  

Effects of the Thickness and Grain Size of Gravel Mulch on Soil Moisture Evaporation

作　　者：关红杰[1,2] 冯浩[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]西北农林科技大学,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2009年第4期41-44,共4页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家863计划重点项目(2006AA100204);新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项目

摘　　要：在干旱半干旱地区，砂石覆盖作为一项传统的覆盖技术，可以明显减少土壤蒸发，为作物生长提供良好的水分条件。为研究不同粒径和厚度砂石覆盖对土壤蒸发的影响，进行了室内模拟试验，对3种粒径（2．5～10、10～25和25～40mm）和2种覆盖厚度（8cm和14cm）以及不同粒径砂石配比条件下土壤水分蒸发进行了研究。结果表明，砂石覆盖能有效地抑制土壤蒸发，在土壤含水量较高的阶段，这种抑制作用更加明显。砂石覆盖对土壤蒸发的抑制作用与粒径和覆盖厚度密切相关，在2．5～40mm粒径范围内，随着砂石粒径的增大，砂石覆盖对蒸发的抑制作用降低，对蒸发过程的影响减弱，覆盖厚度越大，蒸发量越小。有效的砂石配比应选择细砂石处理，不宜过粗。In arid/semi-arid regions, gravel and sand mulches can reduce evaporation from soil surface as a traditional mulching technique, create better soil moisture condition for growth of crop. This paper presents the results of the laboratory simulating experiment conducted to evaluate the effect of two parameters of the mulch-grain size and thickness-on soil moisture evaporation. Three grain sizes （2.5-10, 10-25, 25 -40 mm） and two thickness of mulches （8 and 14 cm）were used for the laboratory experiment. A 11 cm thick layer was also studied for different grain size mix proportion of gravel and sand. The results indicated gravel and sand mulches can efficiently suppress soil moisture evaporation, especially at the high level of soil water content. Inhibitory effects of gravel and sand mulches on the evaporation are negatively correlated with grain size and positively correlated with thickness within 2. 5 - 40 mm grain size. Fine gravel mulch is effective mixing gravel mulch.

关 键 词：砂石覆盖 粒径 配比 蒸发 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]