施工阶段环境影响的定量评价  

Quantitative environmental impact assessment for construction projects

作　　者：李小冬[1] 王帅[1] 张智慧[1] 王星辰[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学建设管理系,北京100084

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第9期1484-1487,共4页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50708053);教育部博士点新教师基金资助项目(20070003062)

摘　　要：为实现对施工阶段环境影响的客观评价,基于生命周期评价(LCA)理论,从施工过程的单元分解入手,建立了适合施工阶段特点的环境影响定量评价框架和评价流程。并结合实际工程,将评价模型应用于混凝土施工过程的环境影响评价中,通过环境影响因素识别、投入产出清单分析、加权综合等过程,得到了1m3混凝土施工过程的环境影响社会支付意愿值,并对主要的环境影响因素进行了分析。结果表明:模板工程所造成的环境影响要高于其他分项工程,生态系统破坏的环境影响是资源消耗的4倍以上。The environmental impact of construction projects by dividing the project into units with quantitative environmental impact assessments approach for each construction project was developed based on iife cycle assessments （LCA）. The environmental impact of a concrete building project was assessed as an example with the detail value of the willingness to-pay of 1 m^3 concrete by identifying the environmental impact factors, analyzing the input-output inventory, and normalizing and weighting across impact categories to describe the major environmental impact factors were discussed. The results showed that the environmental impact of the template work was greater than the other sub-projects, and the damage to the ecosystem was 4 times greater than the consumption of resources.

关 键 词：施工阶段 生命周期评价(LCA) 混凝土施工 环境影响评价(EIA) 

分 类 号：X820.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]