学校突发公共卫生事件应对模型的循证研究  

Evidence Based Research of School Public Health Emergency Coping Matrix

作　　者：卢平[1] 徐勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学放射医学与公共卫生学院,江苏215123

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2009年第8期677-678,共2页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：全国教育科学"十一五"规划教育部规划课题(编号:GLB070029)

摘　　要：目的探讨国内学校突发公共卫生事件的应急反应策略,提出科学实用、有针对性的学校应对措施模型。方法从循证医学的角度对检索到的文献进行分析,借鉴Haddon模型拟合学校突发公共卫生事件的应对对策。结果目前国内学校突发事件主要发生在中小学校,以传染病疫情和食物中毒为主,呈逐年上升趋势,乡村学校存在的问题更为突出。学校突发事件研究主要集中于流行病学分析,学校突发公共安全事件管理形式单一,应急预案内容过于笼统,缺乏系统的多应急处理方案,大部分学校危机管理体系不完善,忽视对心理和信息的管理。研究表明,Haddon模型应用于学校突发公共卫生事件的应对分析。结论学校在突发事件危机管理上存在较多问题,尤以乡村学校更为突出。Haddon模型能够应用于学校突发公共卫生事件应急准备和反应,具有科学性、实用性、多维性、灵活性特点。Objective To explore coping strategy of school public health emergency in China, and to give the scientific and effective strategies of school coping matrix. Methods A matrix for the management system of school emergency events was studied by using evidence-based medicine analysis of the literatures,based on the Haddon matrix. Results School emergency mainly took place at middle and primary school at present China, most of them were infectious disease and food poisoning, and raised year by year. There were more problems existed in rural school. Research about school emergency mainly focused on epidemiological analysis. Crisis management form was single, content was general and lacked systemic mul- tidimensional lash-up processing scheme. Most schools＇crisis management system were deficient, and ignored management of mentality and information. Haddon matrix was fit for analysing school public health emergency coping countermeasure. Conclusion There are many problems existed in school emergency crisis management, especially in rural school. Haddon matrix can be a useful framework to school public heath emergency readiness and response, as it was scientific, practical, multidimensional and flexible.

关 键 词：公共卫生工作 生活变动事件 适应 心理学 循证医学 学生保健服务 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] G478[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]