壁虎脚底刚毛的生物组织结构及其体外培养  

Histological Structure and Culture of Seta in Vitro of Gecko Foot

作　　者：弓娟琴[1] 沈丹蓓[1] 曾学思[1] 郭策[2] 戴振东[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院皮肤病研究所,南京210042 [2]南京航空航天大学仿生结构与材料防护研究所,南京210016

出　　处：《细胞生物学杂志》2009年第4期569-574,共6页Chinese Journal of Cell Biology

基　　金：国家自然基金重点项目及面上项目资助(No.60535020; No.30770285);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划) (No.2007AA04Z201)资助~~

摘　　要：用苏木素-伊红染色,在显微镜下观察壁虎脚趾皮肤的组织学结构。对壁虎脚趾刚毛侧皮肤进行真皮、表皮分离,参照皮肤上皮细胞的培养方法对壁虎表皮进行试验性体外原代培养,并观察培养细胞的形态及其变化过程。本研究旨在探讨体外培养壁虎脚底刚毛细胞的可行性,为研制基于人工培养的刚毛阵列作为仿壁虎机器人粘附脚垫提供依据。组织学观察发现,壁虎脚底表皮细胞主要由多层索形细胞和单层圆形细胞组成,在表层细胞的远端可见整齐排列的刚毛。用胰蛋白酶分离后可将表皮细胞分为两大类,分别为胰蛋白酶敏感细胞和胰蛋白酶不敏感细胞,对胰蛋白酶不敏感的三种细胞胞体较大,其中表面有突起的细胞可能是成熟的刚毛细胞,而胞壁光滑有折光的卵圆形细胞很可能是即将脱落或凋亡的刚毛细胞;对胰蛋白酶敏感的圆形贴壁细胞有可能是尚未成熟或正在发育中的刚毛细胞。体外培养结果发现,壁虎脚的表皮细胞包含多种细胞成分,除与人类表皮细胞相似的角质形成细胞样细胞和色素样细胞外,还发现了有别于人类表皮细胞的三类细胞,我们暂且称为未确定细胞1、2、3。未确定细胞1与人类的神经细胞极为相似,推测这种细胞很可能是感应或调节壁虎脚底刚毛细胞运动的神经细胞;未确定细胞2和3可能均为壁虎脚底的刚毛细,形态不同可能与刚毛细胞所处的不同生长发育阶段有关,未确定细胞2可能是处于生长期的刚毛细胞,而未确定细胞3则可能是成熟的刚毛细胞。Histological structures of gecko toe, dyed by hematoxylin-eosin, were observed by an optical microscopy. The hypodermis and epidermis were separated from seta side of the gecko toe, primary culture of the epidermis was carried out in vitro according to the procedure of human epithelium culture and the morphology of cells and their changes were observed under microscopy. The research aims to culture the seta cell in vitro and to explore a new method for manufacturing artificial seta on adhesive pads for gecko-like robot. The histological results showed that epidermal cell of the gecko toe were composed of multilayer drum-like cell and single layer round cell, the seta were arrayed out from the distal end of the round cell. After separation by trypsogen, the epidermal cell could be classified into two cells. Three cells were not sensitive to the trypsogen. One of them with protuberant on the surface was possible the maturated seta cell, and the other with refringent orbicular-ovate was much possible the seta cell of shedding or apoptosis. The culture results showed that there were five cells in the epidermal layer of gecko foot; one cell was similar to the human malpighian cell and another similar to pigment cell. Other three cells could not be found in human epidermis, we called them as un-defined cell 1, 2 and 3. The un- defined cell 1 looked like human nerve cell, it was supposed to be sensory cell which detected the interaction force between toes and ground. The un-defined cell 2 and 3 were possible seta cells of gecko foot, and the differences in morphology may be corresponding to the cell developmental stage. The un-defined cell 2 was possible setae cell under growth period. The un-defined cell 3 was possible maturated seta cell.

关 键 词：大壁虎 刚毛 组织学结构 细胞培养 

分 类 号：Q813[生物学—生物工程]