盛夏中稻极端热冷害的气象生态表征及对策  

Analysis of Agro-meteorology and Ecology of Extremely Heat and Chilling Injuries of Middle-season Rice in Midsummer and Corresponding Countermeasures

作　　者：周守华 黄永平 苏荣瑞 耿一风 汪先勇 

机构地区：[1]湖北省江汉平原生态与农业气象中心,湖北荆州434025

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2009年第8期1817-1822,共6页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖北省气象局科技发展基金重点课题(2006Y04)

摘　　要：全球气候变暖,江汉平原盛夏极端热冷害频发。为确保中稻生产的安全性,2007年采用6个杂交中稻品种,按3个播种期进行分期播种试验,重点研究了结实期热冷害的主要气象生态表征,即孕穗和抽穗热害、孕穗和抽穗冷害、孕穗和抽穗冷热(或热冷)并害、抽穗大幅变温害等6种类型;分析了7～8月各旬热害和冷害的发生频率,指出8月中旬为适宜抽穗期,并提出了充分发挥气象监测、预报、预警功能,实施避灾安全齐穗、调整现行播种期等应对之策。With the trend of global climate warming, extremely heat and chilling injuries of rice often took place in the Jianghan plain of Hubei province in midsummer. The purposes of this study were to insure security of middle-season rice and to adapt better to climate change in the future. Six middle-season hybrid rice varieties were used under natural conditions in 2007 with 3 sowing dates. This study focused on the characters of agro-meteorology and ecology of extremely heat and chilling injuries of rice at the seed setting stage in 6 categories： heat injury at the booting stage and flowering stage, chilling injury at the booting stage and flowering stage, heat and chilling injuries at the flowering stage, intensely tempera- ture change at the flowering stage. The study also presented the frequency of heat and chilling injury in a period of every ten days in July and August. The results showed that the ten days period in mid-August was the appropriate time for flores- cence of middle-season hybrid rice. Corresponding countermeasures were put forward in accordance with meteorology observation and prediction function.

关 键 词：中稻 盛夏 极端热冷害 生态 对策 

分 类 号：S511.32[农业科学—作物学] S166