深圳高尔夫球场草坪蛴螬发生及其生物防治效果研究  

Occurrence of white grubs and its biocontrol by Metarhizium anisopliae in golf course

作　　者：李存焕[1] 农向群[2] 岳存涛[1,2] 张国华[1] 张泽华[2] 

机构地区：[1]深圳大学高尔夫学院,广东深圳518060 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所南区,北京100081

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2009年第4期45-49,共5页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD08A02);深圳市科技计划项目(200307)资助

摘　　要：调查了深圳2个高尔夫球场春季草坪蛴螬发生情况，研究了昆虫病原真菌绿僵茵对球场不同龄期蛴螬的致病性。调查发现，不同草坪样地的虫口密度为0-16只／m^2，对草坪危害不严重，草坪质量为中等偏上；虫口密度与土壤含水量呈显著负相关，虫口密度与土壤温度显著正相关，草坪色泽、根系完整性都与虫口密度呈显著负相关；草坪密度随虫口密度的增加而减小，但二者间的相关性未达到显著水平。从球场采集到主要为害虫为红脚绿丽金龟成虫，经产卵和孵化饲养获得幼虫用于致病性试验，结果表明绿僵菌对各龄期幼虫均有较强致病力，其中对1龄幼虫作用最强。在土壤舍菌量66．7×10^8孢子／kg和33．3×10^8孢子条件下，1龄幼虫分别在6和9d内死亡率达到90％；在土壤含菌量16．7×10^8孢子／kg时，对1、2、3龄幼虫致死中时LT5。分别为7．3，14．3扣18．0d。增效剂能加速绿僵菌对蛴螬的作用。Abstract： Investigation of white grubs occurrence was carried out in 2 golf courses of Shenzhen city in spring. The grub population was different at various sampling sites, ranged 0- 16 grubs/m^2. The population had a negative correlation with moisture and a positive correlation with temperature in soil. The lawn luster and root integrality had a distinct negative correlation with grub population. The grass grew thick at the less grub site. On the other hand, pathogenicity of Metarhizium anisopliae to white grubs, which from ovipositing and the hatching by Anomala cupripes adults collected from golf course, was tested in laboratory. The experiment results showed that Metarhizium anisopliae was virulent to various instars of the grubs. The larvae of 1st instar were most sensitive to the fungus. When fungal quantity was 66.7 × 10^8 and 33.3 × 10^8 spores/kg soil, mortality of 1st instars could get to 90% in 6 d and 9 d respectively. When fungal quantity was 16. 7× 10^8 spores/kg soil, their LT50 were 7.3 d, 14.3 d and 18.0 d respectively for lst,2nd and 3rd instars. Synergistic agent added in the fungal agent could advance infection to the grubs.

关 键 词：蛴螬 绿僵菌 生物防治 高尔夫草坪 

分 类 号：S431.192[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]