饥饿对条石鲷仔稚鱼生长发育的影响  

Effects of starvation on the growth and development of larval and juvenile rock bream Oplegnathus fasciatus

作　　者：孙中之[1] 柳学周[1] 徐永江[1] 李娟[1] 曲建忠 兰功刚 梁翻 

机构地区：[1]农业部海洋渔业资源可持续利用重点开放实验室中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,青岛266071 [2]青岛忠海水产有限公司,266414

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2009年第4期8-13,共6页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：国家863计划项目(2006AA10A414);农业部海洋渔业资源可持续利用重点开发实验室项目;中央公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项经费项目共同资助

摘　　要：采用实验生态学方法研究了饥饿对条石鲷仔稚幼鱼的影响。结果表明,水温18、22和26℃时,初孵仔鱼的PNR点分别出现在6～7d、6～7d和4～4.5d。仔鱼开口摄食时间随温度降低而滞后,22℃时初次摄食率最高,26℃时初次摄食率降至50%以下。温度对仔稚幼鱼耐饥饿的能力影响明显,18和22℃时,前期仔鱼半数死亡时间为4～5d,而13日龄仔鱼半数死亡时间为2.5d,24日龄稚鱼的为1.5～2d,实验鱼饥饿3d后,大部分已经不能恢复摄食。在26℃时,前期仔鱼和13日龄仔鱼的半数死亡时间为1.5d,24日龄稚鱼为2～2.5d,而45日龄幼鱼在22和26℃时半数死亡时间都为6d,表明随着生长发育,苗种对饥饿耐受能力明显增强。饥饿对条石鲷幼鱼的生长影响显著(P<0.05),饥饿条件下的仔鱼全长和体重增加远远低于对照组,甚至出现体重的负增长,30日龄幼鱼在饥饿条件下的体重损失率达到50%以上,而45日龄幼鱼饥饿后的体重损失率约为10%,13日龄仔鱼阶段是条石鲷早期生长发育阶段中较为敏感的阶段。Effects of starvation on growth and survival in early life stage of rock bream Oplegnathus fasciatus were studied. The results showed that PNR of newly hatched larvae ap- peared at 6-7 d, 6-7 d and 4-4.5 d respectively at temperatures of 18 ℃, 22 ℃ and 26 ℃. The first feeding time was delayed at low temperatures, for example, the larvae opened mouth on 4 d at 18 ℃ whereas mouth opened on 3 d at both 22 ℃ and 26 ℃. The first feeding rate reached the highest value （73.3%） at 22 ℃ but was lower at 18 ℃ and 26 ℃. Temperature had significant effects on the survival of the larvae and juveniles. When temperature was 18 ℃ and 22 ℃, half mortality time of early larvae appeared at 4-5 d while it was 2.5 d for 13 d-old lar- vae and 1.5-2 d for 24 d-old juveniles. The half mortality time of 45 d larvae was 6 d at 22 ℃ and 26 ℃. These results indicated that the capability of fish to tolerate starvation and tempera- ture was enhanced with growth. Growth was delayed significantly （P〈0.05） by starvation; the fish in the experiment showed slow growth in total length and even negative growth in body weight. For example, the 30 d-old juvenile fish lost 50% of body weight after starvation com- pared to the beginning, and the ratio was 10% for 45 d-old juvenile. In conclusion, the results suggested that the 13 d-old larvae were most sensitive to starvation and environmental changes.

关 键 词：条石鲷 仔稚幼鱼 饥饿 生长 

分 类 号：S91[农业科学—水产科学] Q959.4[生物学—动物学]