气候暖干化对中国北方干热风的影响  

Impact of Climate Warming and Drying on Dry-Hot Wind in the North of China

作　　者：邓振镛[1] 张强[1] 倾继祖[1] 徐金芳 黄蕾诺[1] 张树誉[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃省(中国气象局)干旱气候变化与减灾重点(开放)实验室,甘肃兰州730020 [2]甘肃省气象信息中心,甘肃兰州730020 [3]陕西省气象局,陕西西安710015

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2009年第4期664-671,共8页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家科技部公益行业科研专项“西北地区旱作农业对气候变暖的响应特征及其预警和应对技术研究”(GYHY200806021);国家自然基金重点项目(40830957);干旱气象科学研究基金项目“气候变化对高原地区粮食安全生产的影响机理及对策研究”(IAM200811)资助

摘　　要：综述并阐明了干热风气象灾害在指标类型、时空分布、形成原因、发生环境、危害特征、防御技术等6个方面的内容,干热风危害特点具有明显温度猛增、湿度骤降的突变性和昼夜维持干热天气分不开.气候暖干化是北方现代气候变化的基本特征,气候变暖尤其使极端气温显著升高,气候变干使降水量持续偏少,出现了明显干旱化趋势.干热风发生次数与气候变暖呈显著正相关,与气候变干呈显著反相关.干热风对气候暖干化的响应十分敏感,气候暖干化使干热风发生区域扩大、次数增多、强度增强、危害加重.因此,防御干热风和干旱化危害刻不容缓.In this paper,the types,spatial and temporal distribution,and cause of formation,occurrence condition,and characteristics of damage and prevention techniques of dry-hot wind are summarized.The dry-hot wind is often accompanied with rapid temperature increasing and abrupt humidity decreasing in daytime or in nighttime.This climate warming and drying is the typical features of climate change in the north of China at present.Climate warming causes significant increase in extreme temperature;whereas drying causes constantly decrease in precipitation,which in turn causes a trend of drought.The occurrence of dry-hot wind shows a positive correlation with climate warming,but a negative correlation with climate drying.Dry-hot wind is quite sensitive to climate warming and drying.Overall,climate warming and drying cause an expansion in range of dry-hot wind and increase its frequency and severity,resulting in damage intensifying.It is a great urgency to struggle against the dry-hot wind and drought.

关 键 词：气候暖干化 中国北方 干热风 影响 

分 类 号：S424[农业科学—植物保护]