塔里木河2007年“四源一干”供输水运行分析  

Water Supplying and Conveying from the Four Source Streams to the Mainstream of Tarim River in 2007

作　　者：王进[1] 张雄文[1] 刘湘[1] 张建岗[2] 段建军[1] 龚伟华[1] 高前兆[3] 沈永平[3] 毛炜峄[4] 王顺德[1] 

机构地区：[1]阿克苏水文水资源勘测局,新疆阿克苏843000 [2]塔里木河流域管理局,新疆库尔勒841000 [3]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000 [4]新疆气候中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2009年第4期732-740,共9页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目"西北生态脆弱区适应气候变化技术示范"(2007BAC03A0604);沙漠气象科学研究基金项目(Sqj2007010);国家自然科学基金项目(40771047);中国科学院重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-127)资助

摘　　要：2007年塔里木河四条源流出山口径流量238.1×108m3,比多年平均增加13.17×108m3,偏多5.9%,属偏丰水年.分析流域山区气温相对于30 a平均偏高1.2℃,相应3-10月0℃层高度较12 a平均值偏高62 gpm,降水偏多15.4%,有利于径流形成.按照塔里木河流域近期综合治理规划要求,要在多年平均来水条件下,至2005年,塔里木河干流阿拉尔来水量达到46.5×108m3,开都河-孔雀河向干流输水4.5×108m3,四条源流合计达51.0×108m3,并从大西海子断面下泄水量3.5×108m3,水流要到达台特玛湖.而2007年度实际情况:阿拉尔站以上3条源流实际供输水仅为28.57×108m3,少供输水17.93×108m3,仅完成任务61.4%;开都河-孔雀河为2.99×108m3,少供水1.51×108m3,仅完成66.4%.四条源流供水仅计为31.56×108m3,少供水19.44×108m3,仅完成任务的61.9%.大西海子断面下泄水量实际为0.14×108m3,干流向下游少输水3.36×108m3,只完成任务的4.0%,且水流很快就断流,难以到达台特玛湖.2007年塔里木河干流上游段耗水量21.88×108m3,占阿拉尔站年径流量的69.4%,是干流最大的耗水区段;中游段耗水量6.12×108m3,占19.4%;下游段耗水量3.51×108m3,占11.1%.源流在山前平原及干流上游段耗水量在增加,中游耗水量相对减少,下游耗水量接近平均状况.至2007年共9次向最下游输水量22.59×108m3.Runoff from mountains of the four source rivers of the Tarim River in 2007 was 238.1×10^8m^3,which is 13.17×10^8m^3 or 5.9% more than the long-term average and belongs to an abundant water year.The air temperature in the maintain area of the river basin was 1.2 ℃ more than the average of the latest 30 years,accordingly the altitude of 0 ℃ layer was 62 gpm higher than the average over 12 years from March to October and precipitation was 15.4% on the high side.According to the request of comprehensive programming of short-term rehabilitating the Tarim River Basin,the water amounts from source-rivers at the Alar station of the Tarim mainstream should reach 46.5×10^8m^3,and the water transportation from the Kaidu Konque River to the mainstream should reach 4.5×10^8m^3,the total sum from the four source-rivers should reach 51.0×10^8m^3,moreover the releasing water to downstream at the Daxihaizi reservoir should be 3.5×10^8m^3 and the water flow should run to the Taitema Lake up to 2005.But,actually,in 2007,the three source-rivers above the Alar station supplied only water amount of 28.57×10^8m^3,which was 17.93×10^8m^3 less than the request and achieved only the task of 61.4%;water supply from Kaidu Konque River was 2.99×10^8m^3,1.51×10^8m^3 short,and achieved only 66.4% of its task;the summed four source-rivers water supply only 31.56×10^8m^3,short of 19.44×10^8m^3 and achieved only 61.9% of the request;the water amount really flowing to downstream at the Daxihaizi reservoir was 0.14×10^8m^3,short of 3.36×10^8m^3 and realized only the task of 4%.In addition,the water flow was quickly stopped,unable to get to the Taitema Lake. The water consumption in the upper mainstream section of the Tarim River is 21.88×10^8m^3,which occupies 69.4% of the annual runoff at the Alar station and is the maximum section of water consumption along the mainstream.The consumption for the middle mainstream section is 6.12 ×10^8m^3,accounting for 19.4%,and that for the downstream is 3.51×10^8m^3,accounting for 11.1%.The

关 键 词：塔里木河“四源一干” 2007年 源流供水:干流耗水和输水运行 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学]