玉米叶绿素、脯氛酸、根系活力对调亏灌溉和氮肥处理的响应  

Response of Chlorophyll,Proline and Root Activity of Maize to Regulated Deficit Irrigation and N Fertilization Treatment

作　　者：刘小刚[1,2] 张富仓[2] 杨启良[1,2] 李志军[2] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学现代农业工程学院,云南昆明650224 [2]西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《华北农学报》2009年第4期106-111,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50879073)

摘　　要：通过玉米盆栽试验,研究了调亏时期、施氮量和灌水水平对玉米生理指标的影响。结果表明,不同生育阶段的水分亏缺和施氮量对叶绿素、脯氨酸、根系活力影响显著。水分亏缺导致了叶绿素含量降低,施氮量和叶绿素含量呈正相关。叶绿素在拔节后期达到最大值,抽穗期开始降低。调亏灌溉会使玉米叶片脯氨酸含量增加,苗期增加较小,抽穗期达到最大。施氮会调亏灌溉的脯氨酸含量略有减少。持续干旱导致在抽穗期的脯氨酸含量增长受到限制。玉米根系活力随着生育时期进程先增后减。在水分亏缺条件下,根系活力降低,覆水后根系活力补偿效应明显;在相同水分条件下,施氮处理的根系活力较大。最佳的水氮组合为苗期亏水高氮处理。Pot experiment was conducted to study deficit period, the effect of nitrogen rate and irrigation quantity on physiological index were studied. The results showed that, water deficit and nitrogen rate affected significantly on chlorophyll, proline and root activity of maize at different growth stages. Water deficit led to lower chlorophyll content;nitrogen rate and chlorophyll content was positively relevant. Chlorophyll maximum appeared in the late jointing, chlorophyll started to reduce in heading stage. Water deficit could increase the proline content;added value of proline content was comparatively small in seeding stage and reached the maximum in heading stage. The nitrogen apply would slightly reduce the pro- line content. Sustained drought led to the growth of proline content limited in heading stage. Root activity increase and then decrease with the growth period. Water deficit reduced root activity;compensation effect of root activity was obvious after water covered. Nitrogen application could enhance root activity under same water condition. The best treatment was coupling of water deficit in seedling stage and high nitrogen.

关 键 词：调亏灌溉 施氮量 叶绿素 脯氨酸 根系活力 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学]