修宪权正当程序控制论  

On the Due Process Control of Constitutional Amending Power

作　　者：贺日开[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学法学院,江苏南京210097

出　　处：《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》2009年第5期65-73,共9页Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目:<宪政视野中的司法体制改革>(03CFX021)

摘　　要：为防范修宪权的滥用,必须对其施加程序控制。正当的修宪程序不仅具有工具性价值,而且还具有促进民主性、提升民族理性和树立宪法权威性等独立价值。正当的修宪程序应该遵循平等参与、刚性、修宪权能适度分散行使和效率等原则。考察各国修宪权程序控制模式,发现大多数国家的宪法往往会将修宪动议主体与修宪议案决定主体结合起来考虑,使二者能够起到既相互制约又互为补充的作用。我国的修宪程序在参与性、刚性和权能分散性方面存在明显的不足。应当赋予国务院和最高人民法院修宪动议权,规定人民的讨论权,修宪议案的决定应该采取代表与人民分享部分内容的共决型模式,即某些宪法条款全国人大就有权决定修改,而另外一些宪法条款则只有人民以全民公决的方式才能决定是否修改。To avoid the abuse of constitutional amending power, we must exert control over it through procedure. The proper procedure of constitutional amendment is not only valuable as an instrument, but also has the independent value of promting democracy,improving the national rationalization and establishing the constitutional authority. In spite of this, the constitutional amendment process should follow the principles of equal participation, rigidity, moderate distributative exer- cise of constitutional amendment power and efficiency. When we inspect the process control model of foreign countries, we found that the majority of countries combine the motion and decision subjects of constitutional amendment altogether, which can play the functions of mutual constraint and complement. There are some obvious deficiencies in China＇s constitutional amendment process in its participation, rigidity and power distribution. The State Council and the Supreme People＇s Court should be authorized to motion the constitutional amendment, provide the discussion right of the people, and the decision of constitutional amendment should take the mutual decision model as the representative and the people share partial contents, namely, the National People＇s Congress possesses the power of amending some constitutional provisions, and the other provisions of the Constitution can be amended only by referendum.

关 键 词：修宪权 修宪程序 正当程序 全民公决 

分 类 号：DF211[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]