北京山前典型细粒子污染过程的气象条件分析  

Meteorological Condition Analysis of a Typical Fine Particle Pollution Event in the Piedmont Region of Beijing

作　　者：康娜[1,2] 辛金元[1] 蔺永耀 苏福庆[2] 王跃思[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京100029 [2]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [3]阳泉市气象局,山西阳泉045000

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2009年第9期1013-1020,共8页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2007CB407303);中国科学院知识创新工程重大研究项目(KZCX1-YW-06-01);环保公益性行业科研专项(200709008)

摘　　要：可吸入颗粒物(PM10)是近年来北京地区冬季首要污染物,其中细粒子(PM2.5)污染受到广泛关注,由于该地区具有山前地区的地形和气象条件,使其细粒子污染更具区域代表性.对2007年12月北京出现的4次细粒子污染过程及气象条件进行了分析,结果表明:细粒子山前累积/清除时间,ρ(PM2.5)峰值均与气象条件相关;12月23─26日的3 d连续累积,使26日的ρ(PM2.5)日均值达到313.4μg/m3,是国家ρ(PM10)二级标准〔环境空气质量标准(GB3095─1996)〕(150μg/m3)的2.1倍,超过世界卫生组织ρ(PM2.5)日均指导值(25μg/m3)的11倍;持续的偏南风和边界层底层局地性环流,使得京津冀南部区域细粒子以日均96.7μg/m3的高值累积在北京山前地区,造成了12月23—31日具有代表性的北京冬季严重细粒子污染.Inhalable particulate matter（PM10） is the primary pollutant in Beijing during winter over the past few years.Fine particles（PM2.5）,one of the components of PM10,has the typical character of regional pollution which results from the specific terrain and meteorological conditions in the northern parts of Beijing.Four typical fine particle pollution events appeared in Beijing during December 2007,and related meteorological conditions have been analyzed in this paper.The results show that there is direct correlation between the period of accumulating/removal of fine particles and the maximum mass concentration of PM2.5 as well as the meteorological conditions.The daily average mass concentration of PM2.5 on December 26 during the accumulating process from 23 to 26 reached 313.4 μg/m3,more than two times the PM10 national standard value（150 μg/m3,according to the ambient air quality standard,GB3095-1996） and more than 11 times the PM2.5 guidance value（25 μg/m3） of the World Health Organization.According to observation data and simulation results for these events,it was found that the weather conditions,such as persistent south winds and specific local circulation at the bottom boundary layer,were the main reasons for the serious fine particles pollution.The weather caused fine particles emitted in the south area of Heber to accumulate continuously in Beijing with an accumulation rate of 96.7（μg/m3） per day.

关 键 词：北京 PM2.5 污染 气象 模拟 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]