新疆天池自然保护区春季融雪产流特征分析  

Analysis of Snowmelt Runff Formation Regularity during the Spring in the Natural Conservation Area of Tianchi Lake in Xinjiang

作　　者：周宏飞[1,2,3] 王大庆 马健[5,3] 金发军 尹湘江 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学水利水电工程学院,陕西西安710048 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [3]中国科学院阜康荒漠生态系统观测试验站,新疆阜康833200 [4]柳州水利电力勘测设计研究院,广西柳州545005 [5]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所新疆,乌鲁木齐830011 [6]天池管理委员会,新疆阜康831500

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2009年第4期68-71,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40671037);中国科学院重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-431);新疆天池风景区管理委员会委托项目“天池保护区及周边山区生态环境监测与研究”;中国科学院野外站基金项目(053A021)

摘　　要：通过对新疆天池自然保护区春季融雪期间径流小区的定位观测试验,对新疆天池自然保护区不同土地利用类型的降雪、积雪和融雪产流规律进行了研究。结果表明：（1）雪岭云杉的截雪率明显高于杨树,约75%,是杨树的3-4倍;（2）不同土地利用类型的融雪产流率依次为：裸露地（15.6%）〉杨树林地（8.5%）〉草地（1.6%）〉雪岭云杉林（0）;（3）比起林地,草地融雪径流发生的时间较早;（4）植被因子、坡度、土壤性质都显著地影响着草地融雪径流量的大小,且植被因子对于草地融雪径流的影响大于土壤性质以及坡度对于草地融雪径流的影响。Through the located observation trial in runoff plot in the natural conservation area of Tianchi lake in Xinjiang during the snowmelt,the laws of snowfall, snowcover and snowmelt runoff formation were investigated. Some results indicated as follows： Firstly, the snowintereeption of P. schrenkiana forest is 75% and three times more than that of Poplar forest. Secondly, the snowmelt runoff ratio in different land use types are bare land（15.6%）〉 Poplar forest（8.5%）〉grassland（1.6M）〉 P. schrenkiana forest （0） respectively. Thirdly, the time of grassland are much more early than that of forest. Lastly, the vegetation, slope and soil character have much influence on the snowmelt runoff in grassland, and the vegetation have much more influence on snowmelt runoff than soil character and slope.

关 键 词：新疆天池 径流小区 融雪产流 土壤侵蚀规律 

分 类 号：S715.2[农业科学—林学] S152.7