气候变化对三北防护林的影响与应对策略  

Effects of climate change on the Three-north Shelter Forest Program and corresponding strategies

作　　者：姜凤岐[1] 于占源[1] 曾德慧[1] 朱教君[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2009年第9期1702-1705,共4页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAC01A12和2006BAD26B0201-1);中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目资助(KZCX1-YW-08-02)

摘　　要：分析20世纪90年代以来有关气候变暖及其影响的研究数据,得出如下结论:中国三北地区气候正经历着暖干化的变化,未来几十年此种趋势将更加明显,位于三北东部的东北地区尤为突出。气候暖干化将带给三北防护林工程3方面的压力:1)干旱区和荒漠化面积扩增;2)自然植被分布格局发生变化,自西向东的植被逆向演替,众多的过渡带变化敏感;3)现存的防护林在气候变异的干扰下衰退的风险加剧。应对气候变化,三北防护林建设宜采取如下策略:1)增加建设规模;2)植被疏林化和灌丛化作为过渡带防护林设计的目标;3)在水土流失区以原生化建设模式设计油松人工林;4)制订三北防护林经营技术方案。Through the analysis on the research data about climate warming and its effects on the Three-North Regions since the 1990＇ s, a trend was found that the Three-North Regions of China was suffering the climatic warming and drying, which would be more obvious in the coming decades, especially in the northeastern part of China. This trend would give stresses on the Three- North Shelter Forest Program in the aspects of 1 ） expansion of arid area and desertifieation, 2） changes in the distribution pattern of natural vegetations, i. e. , a converse succession from the west to the east and the appearance of many sensitive ecotones, and 3 ） decline risk faced by the existent shelter forests. Aiming at these stresses, four strategies were suggested： 1 ） increasing the construction scope, 2） taking vegetation thieketization and open forest as the goal of desig- ning shelter forest ecotone, 3 ） designing Pinus tabulaeformis plantations based on original vegetation pattern in the area at water and soil loss, and 4） drawing up a technical program for the management of shelterbelts in the Three-North Regions of China.

关 键 词：气候暖干化 三北工程 植被灌丛化 疏林 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]