不同频率及功率密度毫米波辐射对子代的影响  

Effects of Millimeter Wave Irradiation with Different Frequency and Power Density on Their Offsprings in Mice

作　　者：赵志刚[1] 吴芬芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第二一○医院呼吸科

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》1998年第5期289-291,共3页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金;辽宁省科学技术基金

摘　　要：目的确定毫米波导致胚胎损伤阈值及仔鼠学习记忆功能降低的机理。方法用３７４、４２．２、５３．０和６０．０ＧＨｚ，功率密度１～８ｍＷ／ｃｍ２毫米波，在小鼠怀孕６～１５天时每天进行２小时辐射，用电迷宫对仔鼠进行学习记忆功能测试，用受体放射配基分析、高效液相色谱电化学检测和放射免疫法对仔鼠脑Ｍ胆碱能受体、单胺递质和精氨酸加压素（ＡＶＰ）进行测定。结果３７．４、４２．２ＧＨｚ和５３．０、６０．０ＧＨｚ毫米波导致仔鼠学习记忆功能降低、海马区最大受体结合数增加、脑多巴胺（ＤＡ）下降的最小功率密度分别为５和３ｍＷ／ｃｍ２，导致成年子鼠下丘脑内ＡＶＰ降低的最小功率密度分别为８和５ｍＷ／ｃｍ２。随功率密度增加，辐射导致胎仔损伤程度加重。毫米波未使孕鼠体温升高。结论３７．４、４２．２ＧＨｚ和５３．０、６０．０ＧＨｚ毫米波导致胚胎损伤阈值分别为３～５ｍＷ／ｃｍ２和１～３ｍＷ／ｃｍ２，其导致仔鼠学习记忆功能降低与其脑中ＡＶＰ、ＤＡ含量下降及海马区胆碱能神经活性降低相关，此效应由毫米波非热效应所致。Objective To determine the threshold of millimeter wave irradiation leading to fetal damage in mice and to clarify the mechanism of decrease in their learning and memory function. Methods Pregnant mice were irradiated by millimeter wave with frequencies of 37.4, 42.2, 53.0 and 60.0 GHz at power densities of 1 to 8 mW/cm 2 for two hours daily from the 6th to 15th day of their gestation. Learning and memory functions of their offsprings were tested by a Y type electric maze. M cholinergic receptor (M R), monoamine transmitter and arginine vasopressor (AVP) in the brain were determined for their offsprings by receptor radiation binding analysis (RBA), high performance liquid chromatography electrochemical detection (HPLC ECD) and radioimmunoassay (RIA). Results The minimal power density of millimeter wave of 37.4, 42.2, and 53.0, 60.0 GHz causing the decrease in learning and memory function, increase of Bmax in the hippocampus and decrease in dopamine (DA) in the brain of the adult offspring mice was five and three mW/cm 2 and that causing the decrease in AVP in the hypothalamus was eight and five mW/cm 2. Severity of damage in fetal offspring mice caused by irradiation increased with the power density of millimeter wave. Millimeter wave could not cause the increase of their body temperature in pregnant mice. Conclusion Threshold of millimeter wave with frequencies of 37.4, 42.2 and 53.0, 60.0 GHz causing fetal damage in mice was three to five mW/cm 2 and one to three mW/cm 2, respectively. The decrease in learning and memory functions in offspring mice related with lowering of AVP and DA in the brain and of activity in cholinergic nerve. All these were caused by the non thermal effects of millimeter wave without a frequency specific pattern.

关 键 词：微波 辐射损伤 胚胎 辐射遗传学 

分 类 号：Q345.2[生物学—遗传学]