闪电产生一氧化氮(NO)过程的理论研究  

Theoretical study on the process of chemical reactions of lightning-generated NO

作　　者：袁萍[1] 赵学燕[1] 欧阳玉花[1] 郭逸潇[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学物理与电子工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《西北师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第3期33-37,共5页Journal of Northwest Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40475007);西北师范大学科技创新工程资助项目(NWNU-KJCXGC-03-21)

摘　　要：依据闪电产生氮氧化物(LNOx)的基本理论,利用有关化学反应速率的半经验公式,计算了在闪电消散阶段对产生一氧化氮(NO)有主要贡献的化学反应的速率.结果分析表明:闪电冲击波之后,通道温度从10000K衰减到2000K的过程中,等离子体复合生成氮氧化物(NOx).随着温度的降低,生成N原子和O原子的化学反应速率逐渐减小,而由N原子和O原子复合生成NO及O2、N2的反应速率逐渐增大,当温度衰减到2000K左右时,复合生成NO的主要反应的速率最大.由此推断:对于给定的反应物浓度,此时生成NO达到最多.According to the basic theory of lightning-generated NOx and using semi-empirical formulas,the rate of the principal chemical reactions involving NO during the dissipation process of lightning are calculated theoretically.The result shows that the plasmas are recombined and nitrogen oxides are produced by lightning,during the temperature decaying from 10 000 K to 2 000 K in lightning channel.With the temperature decreasing,the rates of creating N atom and O atom become slower; However, the rates of producing NO, O2 and N2 which are composed by N Ⅰ and O Ⅰ become quacks, main reactions produced NO become the largest, when the temperature approaches 2 000 K or so. Therefore, it can be concluded primarily that the production of NO reaches maximum in the channel this moment for a given reactant concentration.

关 键 词：闪电 一氧化氮(NO) 化学反应速率 

分 类 号：P427.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]